ReviewNeuro-oncology2021
The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary.
Review in Neuro-oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 11 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 7,419 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Improvement of Functional Outcome for Patients With Newly Diagnosed Grade 2 or 3 Glioma With Co-deletion of 1p/19q - IMPROVE CODEL: the NOA-18 Trial
Studio Osservazionale Retrospettivo Multicentrico Sull'Utilizzo di Ibrutinib in Monoterapia o in Associazione a Immunochemioterapia Secondo Schema R-CHOP in Pazienti Adulti Con Diagnosi di PCNSL Ricaduto o Refrattario
FET-PET-Guided Management of Pseudoprogression in Glioblastoma
Glioma Adaptive Radiotherapy With Development of an Artificial Intelligence Workflow
Recent Advances in Surgical Management of Low Grade Glioma
Feasibility and Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Elastography in Intracranial Space-Occupying Lesions
Multimodal Data Collection for the Development and Validation of the STRATUM Tool to Assist Surgery in Patients Affected by Brain Tumours: Observational Study
A Multicenter, Open-label Phase I/II Trial Aiming to Assess the Safety and Clinical Activity of Tarlatamab in Combination With Metronomic Temozolomide in Adolescents and Adults' Patients With High Grade Brain Tumors
Intratumoral DNX-2401 Administration for Recurrent and Refractory High Grade Brain Tumors in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients
Patient Voice in the Treatment of Low-grade Gliomas: Use of Patient-reported Outcomes, Vorasidenib and Radiotherapy Compared
AI-driven Processing and Analysis of Glioma Imaging Data EUCAIM Database Contribution by the Italian Brain Glioma Initiative Italian Title: Elaborazione ed Analisi Supportata Dall'Intelligenza Artificiale di Immagini di Risonanza Magnetica di Gliomi Cerebrali
Who cites it
7,419 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The Efficacy of Pharmacotherapy Intervention on Anthropometric Outcomes in Survivors of Childhood Brain Tumors: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of preclinical survival outcomes of Zika virus-based oncolytic therapy in glioblastoma.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Pooled it
- Study of Adaptive Radiotherapy for High-Grade Glioma Based on Interfraction MRI.Cancer medicine · 2026Trial
- Discrepancies in inter-rater agreement on resectability of recurrent glioblastoma: Complementary post-hoc analysis of the prospective, randomized DIRECTOR trial.Neuro-oncology · 2026Trial
- G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like phenotype in human glioblastoma cells.Cell adhesion & migration · 2026Article
- Aptamer-guided delivery of miR-126 suppresses glioblastoma stem-like cell invasion and tumor progression.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Biomimetic membrane-coated metal nanoplatforms for enhanced BBB penetration and targeted glioblastoma therapy.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2026Review
- Beyond variant detection: Mismatch repair gene alterations in plasma cell-free DNA from 1,226 glioma samples, and plasma-confirmed functional deficiency in an unbiopsied pontine glioma.The journal of liquid biopsy · 2026Article
- Comparison of Outcomes between Supramaximal Resection and Gross Total Resection for High-Grade Gliomas: A Prospective Study from a Tertiary Care Centre.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2026Article
- Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered, forming a suprasellar mass: A case report.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Radioiodinated compound FJR01: a novel P2X7R-targeted SPECT tracer for visualizing glioma-associated microglia/macrophages in a rat glioblastoma model.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Giant Cell Glioblastoma: Case Series of a Rare Glioma with Unique Histomorphology and Molecular Heterogeneity.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2026Article
- Histopathology-correlated evaluation of magnetic resonance spectroscopy for high-grade glioma prediction: A small-scale neuro-oncology study with exploratory machine learning.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Temporally-Modulated Pulsed Radiation Therapy for Large-Volume Reirradiation of Recurrent Meningioma.Advances in radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Diffuse high-grade glioma with gliomatosis cerebri pattern mimicking symmetric white matter disease.Radiology case reports · 2026Article
- Associations between migrasome-related genes and long non-coding rnas in glioma and their prognostic relevance to the tumor microenvironment.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Pathway dysregulation and therapeutic resistance in glioblastoma: molecular mechanisms and emerging therapeutic targets.Future science OA · 2026Review
- Impact of MRI modality selection on glioma sub-region segmentation using 3D U-Net and Attention U-Net: A comparative evaluation across ten MRI sequences.European journal of radiology open · 2026Article
- East Asian multi-centre study on clinical long-term outcomes of postoperative proton beam therapy for localised paediatric intracranial ependymoma.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Adult Thalamic Diffuse Midline Glioma, H3 K27-Altered, WithJournal of medical cases · 2026Article
7,359 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, is the sixth version of the international standard for the classification of brain and spinal cord tumors. Building on the 2016 updated fourth edition and the work of the Consortium to Inform Molecular and Practical Approaches to CNS Tumor Taxonomy, the 2021 fifth edition introduces major changes that advance the role of molecular diagnostics in CNS tumor classification. At the same time, it remains wedded to other established approaches to tumor diagnosis such as histology and immunohistochemistry. In doing so, the fifth edition establishes some different approaches to both CNS tumor nomenclature and grading and it emphasizes the importance of integrated diagnoses and layered reports. New tumor types and subtypes are introduced, some based on novel diagnostic technologies such as DNA methylome profiling. The present review summarizes the major general changes in the 2021 fifth edition classification and the specific changes in each taxonomic category. It is hoped that this summary provides an overview to facilitate more in-depth exploration of the entire fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.