Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34184979›Full record

ArticleMicrobial genomics2021

Multiple evolutionary origins reflect the importance of sialic acid transporters in the colonization potential of bacterial pathogens and commensals.

Emmanuele Severi, Michelle Rudden, Andrew Bell, Tracy Palmer, Nathalie Juge, Gavin H Thomas

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microbial genomics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. A bidirectionalbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Comparative genomics andFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  5. Dysbiosis-associated gut bacteriumMicrobiology spectrum · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Degradation of gene silencer is essential for expression of foreign genes and bacterial colonization of the mammalian gut.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Emmanuele SeveriDepartment of Biology, University of York, York, UK.
Michelle RuddenDepartment of Biology, University of York, York, UK.
Andrew BellGut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
Tracy PalmerMicrobes in Health and Disease, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Nathalie JugeGut Microbes and Health Institute Strategic Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
Gavin H ThomasDepartment of Biology, University of York, York, UK.
University of York · GBNorwich Research Park · GBNewcastle University · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/P008895/1Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/R012490/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Located at the tip of cell surface glycoconjugates, sialic acids are at the forefront of host-microbe interactions and, being easily liberated by sialidase enzymes, are used as metabolites by numerous bacteria, particularly by pathogens and commensals living on or near diverse mucosal surfaces. These bacteria rely on specific transporters for the acquisition of host-derived sialic acids. Here, we present the first comprehensive genomic and phylogenetic analysis of bacterial sialic acid transporters, leading to the identification of multiple new families and subfamilies. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that sialic acid-specific transport has evolved independently at least eight times during the evolution of bacteria, from within four of the major families/superfamilies of bacterial transporters, and we propose a robust classification scheme to bring together a myriad of different nomenclatures that exist to date. The new transporters discovered occur in diverse bacteria, including

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularSymbiosisAnimalsBacteriaBacterial ProteinsCarbohydrate EpimerasesHumansMembrane Transport ProteinsN-Acetylneuraminic AcidOrganic Anion TransportersPhylogenySymportersaldose 1-epimeraseBacterial ProteinsCarbohydrate EpimerasesMembrane Transport ProteinsN-Acetylneuraminic AcidOrganic Anion Transporterssialic acid transport proteinsSymportersbacteriaMutarotaseNeu5Acsialic acidSSStransporter

Identifiers

PMID34184979
PMCPMC8461474
OpenAlexW3164009075

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.