ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2022
An intensive model of care for hepatitis C virus screening and treatment with direct-acting antivirals in people who inject drugs in Nairobi, Kenya: a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Impact of Active Versus Passive Surveillance on Hepatitis C Virus Testing Uptake, Diagnosis and Linkage to Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Pooled it
- Leveraging injection networks to prevent HIV and other blood borne infections among people who inject drugs in Kenya: design and rationale.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Impact and cost-effectiveness of interventions to eliminate hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs in Haiphong, Vietnam.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Health and Economic Impact of Periodic Hepatitis C Virus Testing Among People Who Inject Drugs.JAMA health forum · 2025Article
- Modelling the impact and cost-effectiveness of non-governmental organizations on HIV and HCV transmission among people who inject drugs in Ukraine.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Predictors of hepatitis C cure among people who inject drugs treated with directly observed therapy supported by peer case managers in Kenya.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Cost-effectiveness of Hepatitis C virus self-testing in four settings.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 12 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsHepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment is essential for eliminating HCV in people who inject drugs (PWID), but has limited coverage in resource-limited settings. We measured the cost-effectiveness of a pilot HCV screening and treatment intervention using directly observed therapy among PWID attending harm reduction services in Nairobi, Kenya.
designWe utilized an existing model of HIV and HCV transmission among current and former PWID in Nairobi to estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening and treatment for HCV, including prevention benefits versus no screening and treatment. The cure rate of treatment and costs for screening and treatment were estimated from intervention data, while other model parameters were derived from literature. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated over a life-time horizon from the health-care provider's perspective. One-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.
settingNairobi, Kenya. POPULATION: PWID. MEASUREMENTS: Treatment costs, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (cost per disability-adjusted life year averted).
findingsThe cost per disability-adjusted life-year averted for the intervention was $975, with 92.1% of the probabilistic sensitivity analyses simulations falling below the per capita gross domestic product for Kenya ($1509; commonly used as a suitable threshold for determining whether an intervention is cost-effective). However, the intervention was not cost-effective at the opportunity cost-based cost-effectiveness threshold of $647 per disability-adjusted life-year averted. Sensitivity analyses showed that the intervention could provide more value for money by including modelled estimates for HCV disease care costs, assuming lower drug prices ($75 instead of $728 per course) and excluding directly-observed therapy costs.
conclusionsThe current strategy of screening and treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) among people who inject drugs in Nairobi is likely to be highly cost-effective with currently available cheaper drug prices, if directly-observed therapy is not used and HCV disease care costs are accounted for.
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