ArticleCellular & molecular immunology2021
Self-activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells by exogenous phosphoantigens involves TCR and butyrophilins.
Article in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innate-like T Cell Biology in the Tumor Microenvironment Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy.Cells · 2026Review
- T cell receptor clonotypes predict human leukocyte antigen allele carriage and antigen exposure history.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in tuberculosis: protective immunity and translational perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Harnessing Vδ1Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Article
- Mechanisms and Functions of γδ T Cells in Tumor Cell Recognition.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Identification of esophageal cancer tumor antigens and immune subtypes for guiding vaccine development.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Investigation of structural and dynamic properties of the Butyrophilin BTN3A1/BTN2A1 cytoplasmic complex byFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Tumor-restricted activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells via bispecific Evobodies: a novel strategy for safe and potent immunotherapy in ovarian cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- CAR-γδ T cells: a new paradigm of programmable innate immune sentinels and their systemic applications in cancer and beyond.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- An organotypic human melanoma-in-skin model as anImmuno-oncology technology · 2024Article
- Overcoming limitations for antibody-based therapies targeting γδ T (Vg9Vd2) cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- A distinct topology of BTN3A IgV and B30.2 domains controlled by juxtamembrane regions favors optimal human γδ T cell phosphoantigen sensing.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Gamma delta T-cell-based immune checkpoint therapy: attractive candidate for antitumor treatment.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell immunotherapy in blood cancers: ready for prime time?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- EBV latent membrane protein 1 augments γδ T cell cytotoxicity against nasopharyngeal carcinoma by induction of butyrophilin molecules.Theranostics · 2023Article
- A close look at current γδ T-cell immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- BTN3A: A Promising Immune Checkpoint for Cancer Prognosis and Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Generation of effector Vγ9Vδ2 T cells and evaluation of their response to phosphoantigen-loaded cells.STAR protocols · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The high cytotoxic activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes against tumor cells makes them useful candidates in anticancer therapies. However, the molecular mechanism of their activation by phosphoantigens (PAgs) is not completely known. Many studies have depicted the mechanism of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell activation by PAg-sensed accessory cells, such as immune presenting cells or tumor cells. In this study, we demonstrated that pure resting Vγ9Vδ2 T lymphocytes can self-activate through exogenous PAgs, involving their TCR and the butyrophilins BTN3A1 and BTN2A1. This is the first time that these three molecules, concurrently expressed at the plasma membrane of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, have been shown to be involved together on the same and unique T cell during PAg activation. Moreover, the use of probucol to stimulate the inhibition of this self-activation prompted us to propose that ABCA-1 could be implicated in the transfer of exogenous PAgs inside Vγ9Vδ2 T cells before activating them through membrane clusters formed by γ9TCR, BTN3A1 and BTN2A1. The self-activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, which leads to self-killing, can therefore participate in the failure of γδ T cell-based therapies with exogenous PAgs and should be taken into account.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.