ArticleBMC medicine2021
Paediatric rotavirus vaccination, coeliac disease and type 1 diabetes in children: a population-based cohort study.
Article in BMC medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Rotavirus vaccination and the risk of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Rotavirus vaccination and incidence of type 1 diabetes: a population-based natural experiment.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Rotavirus Infection as a Contributor to Early-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Review and Recommendations.Viruses · 2026Review
- Decline in Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children After Rotavirus Vaccination: Data From 8 Countries.AJPM focus · 2025Review
- Rotavirus Infections: Pathophysiology, Symptoms, and Vaccination.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pancreatic Comorbidities in Pediatric Celiac Disease: Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency, Pancreatitis, and Diabetes Mellitus.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Vitamin D: An Essential Nutrient in the Dual Relationship between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Celiac Disease-A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Viruses as a potential environmental trigger of type 1 diabetes mellitus (Review).Biomedical reports · 2024Review
- Investigating association between inflammatory bowel disease and rotavirus vaccination in a paediatric cohort in the UK.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- The Value of Rotavirus Vaccination in Europe: A Call for Action.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Article
- No association between incidence of type 1 diabetes and rotavirus vaccination in Swedish children.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Rotavirus vaccination is not associated with incident celiac disease or autoimmune thyroid disease in a national cohort of privately insured children.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Review
- Review
- Environmental Factors and the Risk of Developing Type 1 Diabetes-Old Disease and New Data.Biology · 2022Review
- Is the Rotavirus Vaccine Really Associated with a Decreased Risk of Developing Celiac and Other Autoimmune Diseases?Rambam Maimonides medical journal · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRotavirus infection has been proposed as a risk factor for coeliac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D). The UK introduced infant rotavirus vaccination in 2013. We have previously shown that rotavirus vaccination can have beneficial off-target effects on syndromes, such as hospitalised seizures. We therefore investigated whether rotavirus vaccination prevents CD and T1D in the UK.
methodsA cohort study of children born between 2010 and 2015 was conducted using primary care records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Children were followed up from 6 months to 7 years old, with censoring for outcome, death or leaving the practice. CD was defined as diagnosis of CD or the prescription of gluten-free goods. T1D was defined as a T1D diagnosis. The exposure was rotavirus vaccination, defined as one or more doses. Mixed-effects Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Models were adjusted for potential confounders and included random intercepts for general practices.
resultsThere were 880,629 children in the cohort (48.8% female). A total of 343,113 (39.0%) participants received rotavirus vaccine; among those born after the introduction of rotavirus vaccination, 93.4% were vaccinated. Study participants contributed 4,388,355 person-years, with median follow-up 5.66 person-years. There were 1657 CD cases, an incidence of 38.0 cases per 100,000 person-years. Compared with unvaccinated children, the adjusted HR for a CD was 1.05 (95% CI 0.86-1.28) for vaccinated children. Females had a 40% higher hazard than males. T1D was recorded for 733 participants, an incidence of 17.1 cases per 100,000 person-years. In adjusted analysis, rotavirus vaccination was not associated with risk of T1D (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.68-1.19).
conclusionsRotavirus vaccination has reduced diarrhoeal disease morbidity and mortality substantial since licencing in 2006. Our finding from this large cohort study did not provide evidence that rotavirus vaccination prevents CD or T1D, nor is it associated with increased risk, delivering further evidence of rotavirus vaccine safety.
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