ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2022
Pre-existing chronic physical morbidity and excess mortality in people with schizophrenia: a population-based cohort study.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Relationship between severe mental illness and physical multimorbidity: a meta-analysis and call for action.BMJ mental health · 2023Pooled it
- Ultrasonographic assessment of thenar muscles for diagnosing sarcopenic obesity in patients with schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Anticholinergic load: A commonly neglected and preventable risk to cognition during schizophrenia treatment?Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2024Article
- Mortality risk and mood stabilizers in bipolar disorder: a propensity-score-weighted population-based cohort study in 2002-2018.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Physical health disparities and severe mental illness: A longitudinal comparative cohort study using hospital data in Northern Ireland.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2023Article
- Mortality in people with schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of relative risk and aggravating or attenuating factors.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2022Article
- The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lifestyles and Levels of Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Observational Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- History of Suicide Attempts and COVID-19 Infection in Veterans with Schizophrenia or Schizoaffective Disorder: Moderating Effects of Age and Body Mass Index.Complex psychiatry · 2021Article
- Mortality and excess life-years lost in patients with schizophrenia under community care: a 5-year follow-up cohort study.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeSchizophrenia is associated with increased premature mortality and physical morbidity. This study aimed to examine prevalence of pre-existing chronic physical diseases, and association between physical multimorbidity burden and mortality rates among patients with newly diagnosed schizophrenia.
methodsThis population-based cohort study investigated patients with first-recorded diagnosis of schizophrenia between January 2006 and December 2016, using territory-wide medical-record database of public healthcare service in Hong Kong. Physical morbidities were measured by Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), taking into consideration both number and severity of physical diseases, and were grouped into nine broad disease categories for analyses. Physical multimorbidity burden was stratified into three levels according to CCI of 0, 1 or ≥ 2. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine associations of physical multimorbidity with mortality rates.
resultsOf the 13,945 patients, 8.6% (n = 1207) had pre-existing physical morbidity. Patients with physical morbidity exhibited elevated all-cause mortality rate relative to those without physical morbidity [adjusted HR 2.38 (95% CI 2.04-2.77)]. Gastrointestinal/liver diseases, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases constituted the three most frequently diagnosed physical morbidities, whereas cancers displayed the highest all-cause mortality rate. An increase in physical multimorbidity burden was associated with increased all-cause mortality rate [CCI = 1: 1.98 (1.64-2.40); CCI ≥ 2: 3.08 (2.51-3.77), CCI = 0 as reference].
conclusionSchizophrenia patients with pre-existing physical morbidity had two-fold increased risk of premature mortality compared to those without physical morbidity. Physical multimorbidity confers incremental impact on excess mortality. Early detection and intervention of physical morbidity in the initial phase of schizophrenia is necessary to reduce avoidable mortality.
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