ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2021
Functional Characterization of the Cnidarian Antiviral Immune Response Reveals Ancestral Complexity.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A Fish MDA5 Integrates Canonical RIG-I and MDA5 Ligand Recognition.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- An ancient anthozoan protein reveals an alternative evolutionary path of antiviral signalling.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Antiviral immunity regulates cnidarian viriomes.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026Article
- Functional characterization of specialized immune cells in a cnidarian reveals an ancestral antiviral program.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Unique Transcriptional Responses by the Sea Anemone Nematostella vectensis to Individual Bacteria: Roles for Bacterial Species, Secreted Products and the Microbiome.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Hydra at the Crossroads of Evolution: Insights into Cell-type Diversification, Regeneration, and Epigenetic Regulation.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Characterization of RNA interference in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis reveals partial target silencing but lack of small RNA amplification.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Heat Stress Drives Rapid Viral and Antiviral Innate Immunity Activation in Hexacorallia.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Induction of apoptosis by double-stranded RNA was present in the last common ancestor of cnidarian and bilaterian animals.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Sea Anemone Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin Superfamily Demonstrates an Evolutionary Transitional State between Venomous and Developmental Functions.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Updated single cell reference atlas for the starlet anemone Nematostella vectensis.Frontiers in zoology · 2024Article
- Venom trade-off shapes interspecific interactions, physiology, and reproduction.Science advances · 2024Article
- Investigating the Evolution of Drosophila STING-Dependent Antiviral Innate Immunity by Multispecies Comparison of 2'3'-cGAMP Responses.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Evolution of the Major Components of Innate Immunity in Animals.Journal of molecular evolution · 2024Review
- An ancient pan-cnidarian microRNA regulates stinging capsule biogenesis in Nematostella vectensis.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Cnidofest 2022: hot topics in cnidarian research.EvoDevo · 2023Review
- Functional analysis in a model sea anemone reveals phylogenetic complexity and a role in cnidocyte discharge of DEG/ENaC ion channels.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Divergences of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The cyclic dinucleotide 2'3'-cGAMP induces a broad antibacterial and antiviral response in the sea anemoneProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animals evolved a broad repertoire of innate immune sensors and downstream effector cascades for defense against RNA viruses. Yet, this system varies greatly among different bilaterian animals, masking its ancestral state. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antiviral immune response of the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis and decipher the function of the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) known to detect viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in bilaterians but activate different antiviral pathways in vertebrates and nematodes. We show that polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), a mimic of long viral dsRNA and a primary ligand for the vertebrate RLR melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), triggers a complex antiviral immune response bearing features distinctive for both vertebrate and invertebrate systems. Importantly, a well-characterized agonist of the vertebrate RIG-I receptor does not induce a significant transcriptomic response that bears signature of the antiviral immune response, which experimentally supports the results of a phylogenetic analysis indicating clustering of the two N. vectensis RLR paralogs (NveRLRa and NveRLRb) with MDA5. Furthermore, the results of affinity assays reveal that NveRLRb binds poly(I:C) and long dsRNA and its knockdown impairs the expression of putative downstream effector genes including RNA interference components. Our study provides for the first time the functional evidence for the conserved role of RLRs in initiating immune response to dsRNA that originated before the cnidarian-bilaterian split and lay a strong foundation for future research on the evolution of the immune responses to RNA viruses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.