ReviewBrain : a journal of neurology2021
The potential of serum neurofilament as biomarker for multiple sclerosis.
Review in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 126 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
126 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Serum levels of neurofilament light chains in pediatric multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Neurofilament light chain (NfL) as a surrogate outcome measure for GM2 gangliosidoses.Journal of neurology · 2026Trial
- Dynamics of Spinal Fluid Immune Cell Alterations Following Cladribine Tablet Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Trial
- Blood biomarker dynamics in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with cladribine tablets: results of the 2-year MAGNIFY-MS study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Serum neurofilament light chain and glial fibrillary acidic protein for predicting response to apheresis in steroid-refractory multiple sclerosis relapses.European journal of neurology · 2024Trial
- The predictive value of serum neurofilament light chain levels beyond MRI measures for clinical and radiological disease progression in the earliest stages of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Dynamics of Myelin-Specific T-Cell Repertoires Mirror Disease Activity and Central Nervous System Trafficking in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Phosphorylated Neurofilament Heavy Chain in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum as a Biomarker of Axonal Injury in Algerian Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- From measurement to biomarker trajectories: platform-agnostic Z score analysis of serum NfL and GFAP in ocrelizumab-treated multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Plasma Proteomic Biomarkers of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy in the UK Biobank.Neurosurgery · 2026Article
- Human iPSC-derived neurons stimulated with IFNγ present HLA class I-restricted antigens to cytotoxic CD8Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Human neurons stimulated with IFNγ present HLA class I-restricted autoantigens to cytotoxic CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Comparative profiling of neurological and biomarker status in type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional observational study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Clinical Heterogeneity and Candidate Biomarkers inNeurology. Genetics · 2026Article
- Multiblock proteomic profiling identifies novel biomarkers linking prediabetes with preclinical atherosclerosis in apparently healthy adults.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Blood-brain barrier-penetrative lipid nanoparticles enable systemic delivery of TRIM11 mRNA to disaggregate Tau in Alzheimer's disease models.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Highly Active Multiple Sclerosis at the Time of Disease Diagnosis: Prevalence Data and Clinical Implications.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Risdiplam Treatment in Adult Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type IIb-III.Revista de neurologia · 2026Article
- Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in pediatric neurological autoimmune diseases: mechanisms, clinical applications, and future perspectives.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Brain age gap in multiple sclerosis: associated with disability but independent of serum biomarkers.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
66 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a highly heterogeneous disease, and the detection of neuroaxonal damage as well as its quantification is a critical step for patients. Blood-based serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is currently under close investigation as an easily accessible biomarker of prognosis and treatment response in patients with multiple sclerosis. There is abundant evidence that sNfL levels reflect ongoing inflammatory-driven neuroaxonal damage (e.g. relapses or MRI disease activity) and that sNfL levels predict disease activity over the next few years. In contrast, the association of sNfL with long-term clinical outcomes or its ability to reflect slow, diffuse neurodegenerative damage in multiple sclerosis is less clear. However, early results from real-world cohorts and clinical trials using sNfL as a marker of treatment response in multiple sclerosis are encouraging. Importantly, clinical algorithms should now be developed that incorporate the routine use of sNfL to guide individualized clinical decision-making in people with multiple sclerosis, together with additional fluid biomarkers and clinical and MRI measures. Here, we propose specific clinical scenarios where implementing sNfL measures may be of utility, including, among others: initial diagnosis, first treatment choice, surveillance of subclinical disease activity and guidance of therapy selection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.