ReviewApplied microbiology and biotechnology2021
Research progress on Toll-like receptor signal transduction and its roles in antimicrobial immune responses.
Review in Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Monocytic TLR4 expression and activation in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- TLR2 variants andUpsala journal of medical sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- A comprehensive analysis of the use of nucleoside analogues in RNA therapeutics.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KBL382 contributes to the immunomodulation in THP-1 cells.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Bacterial Communities as Modulators of Innate Immune Signalling: An In Vitro Perspective on Toll-Like Receptor Activation.Environmental microbiology reports · 2026Article
- Clinical and Immunological Perspectives on the Nasal Microbiome's Role in Olfactory Function and Dysfunction.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Article
- The Role of Toll-like Receptors and Viral Infections in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension-A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Differential expression ofVeterinary world · 2025Article
- Advances in Mechanisms of Anaphylaxis in Wheat Allergy: Utility of Rodent Models.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Research Progress on Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Impact of zinc oxide on gut health, immunity, and growth in weaned piglets: exploring potential modes of action.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Interaction of vaginal microbiota and biomarkers in Premature rupture of membranes: from bench to beside.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in drug-induced brain injury: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- The role of nucleic acid sensors in antifungal immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Resatorvid (TAK-242) Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis by Modulating Macrophage Polarization and T Helper Cell Balance via TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.Inflammation · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Vibriocidal efficacy of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacillus acidophilus cell-free supernatants encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles against multi-drug resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
When microorganisms invade a host, the innate immune system first recognizes the pathogen-associated molecular patterns of these microorganisms through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are known transmembrane PRRs existing in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Upon ligand recognition, TLRs initiate a cascade of signaling events; promote the pro-inflammatory cytokine, type I interferon, and chemokine expression; and play an essential role in the modulation of the host's innate and adaptive immunity. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve our understanding of antimicrobial immune responses by studying the role of TLRs and their signal molecules in the host's defense against invading microbes. This paper aims to summarize the specificity of TLRs in recognition of conserved microbial components, such as lipoprotein, lipopolysaccharide, flagella, endosomal nucleic acids, and other bioactive metabolites derived from microbes. This set of interactions helps to elucidate the immunomodulatory effect of TLRs and the signal transduction changes involved in the infectious process and provide a novel therapeutic strategy to combat microbial infections.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.