ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2021
Biceps Femoris Long Head Muscle Fascicles Actively Lengthen During the Nordic Hamstring Exercise.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Hamstring fascicle behavior during leg curl exercises performed at varying knee joint angles and loading intensities in individuals with a history of unilateral hamstring injury: a randomized cross-over design study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Adaptations in biceps femoris long-head muscle-tendon mechanics during the Nordic hamstring exercise in response to 9 weeks of training.Journal of sport and health science · 2026Article
- Does longer-muscle length resistance training cause greater longitudinal growth in humans? A systematic review.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Review
- Hamstring Injury Mechanisms and Eccentric Training-Induced Muscle Adaptations: Current Insights and Future Directions.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- The Effect of Single Leg Romanian Deadlift on the Risk of Hamstring Strain Injuries in Track and Field Athletes: A Cohort Study.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2025Article
- Kinematic, Neuromuscular and Bicep Femoris In Vivo Mechanics during the Nordic Hamstring Exercise and Variations of the Nordic Hamstring Exercise.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Conceptual Exploration of Hamstring Muscle-Tendon Functioning during the Late-Swing Phase of Sprinting: The Importance of Evidence-Based Hamstring Training Frameworks.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Review
- Hamstrings force-length relationships and their implications for angle-specific joint torques: a narrative review.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2022Review
- Muscle forces and fascicle behavior during three hamstring exercises.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2022Article
- Article
- Biceps femoris long head morphology in youth competitive alpine skiers is associated with age, biological maturation and traumatic lower extremity injuries.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Current debate exists around whether a presumed eccentric exercise, the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE), actually causes active hamstring muscle lengthening. This is because of the decoupling that can occur between the muscle fascicle and muscle-tendon unit (MTU) length changes in relatively compliant human lower-limb MTUs, which results in MTU lengthening not necessarily causing muscle fascicle lengthening. This missing knowledge complicates the interpretation of why the NHE is effective at reducing running-related hamstring muscle injury risk in athletes previously unfamiliar with performing this exercise. The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate if the most-commonly injured hamstring muscle, the biceps femoris long head (BF), exhibits active muscle lengthening (i.e. an eccentric muscle action) during the NHE up until peak force in Nordic novices. External reaction force at the ankle, knee flexion angle, and BF and semitendinosus muscle activities were recorded from the left leg of 14 participants during the NHE. Simultaneously, BF muscle architecture was imaged using B-mode ultrasound imaging, and muscle architecture changes were tracked using two different tracking algorithms. From ~85 to 100% of peak NHE force, both tracking algorithms detected that BF muscle fascicles (
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