ArticlePreventive medicine reports2021
Association of pre-pandemic high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with risk of COVID-19 hospitalisation and death: The UK Biobank cohort study.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-density lipoproteins and COVID-19: preparing the next pandemic.Journal of lipid research · 2025Review
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
- Predictors of COVID-19 severity among pregnant patients.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Article
- Apolipoprotein A-II, a Player in Multiple Processes and Diseases.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- High Density Lipoproteins: Is There a Comeback as a Therapeutic Target?Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2022Article
- Protective and therapeutic potentials of HDL and ApoA1 in COVID-19 elderly and chronic illness patients.Bulletin of the National Research Centre · 2022Review
- Validation of the Performance of A1HPV6, a Triage Blood Test for the Early Diagnosis and Prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Gastro hep advances · 2022Article
- High-density lipoprotein cholesterol: A marker of COVID-19 infection severity?Atherosclerosis plus · 2021Review
- Good Cholesterol Gone Bad? HDL and COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Importance of Apolipoprotein A-I and A-II Composition in HDL and Its Potential for Studying COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Pre-Morbid Risk Factors for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical epidemiology · 2021Article
- The Role of High-Density Lipoprotein in COVID-19.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Case Report: Difficulties in the Treatment of a 12-Year-Old Patient With Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Compound Heterozygous Form - 5 Years Follow-Up.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
There is growing evidence of, and biological plausibility for, elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) being related to lower rates of respiratory disease. We tested whether pre-pandemic HDL-C within the normal range is associated with subsequent COVID-19 hospitalisations and death. We analysed data on participants from UK Biobank, a prospective cohort study, baseline data for which were collected between 2006 and 2010. Follow-up for COVID-19 was via hospitalisation records (1845 events in 317,306 individuals) and a national mortality registry (458 deaths in 317,833 individuals). After controlling for a series of confounding factors which included health behaviours, inflammatory markers, and socio-economic status, higher levels of HDL-C were related to a lower risk of later hospitalisation. The effect was linear (p-value for trend 0.001), whereby a 0.2 mmol/L increase in HDL-C was associated with a 7% lower risk (odds ratio; 95% confidence interval: 0.93; 0.90, 0.96). Corresponding relationships for mortality were markedly weaker, such that statistical significance at conventional levels were not apparent for both the linear trend (p-value 0.25) and the odds ratio per 0.2 mmol/L increase (0.98; 0.91, 1.05). While our finding for HDL-C and hospitalisations for COVID-19 raise the possibility that favourable modification of this cholesterol fraction via lifestyle changes or drug intervention may impact upon the risk of the disease, it warrants testing in other studies.
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