Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34178481›Full record

ArticlePeerJ2021

Determinants of pro-environmental behavior among excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in Taiwan.

Wei-Ta Fang, Eric Ng, Shu-Mei Liu, Yi-Te Chiang, Mei-Chuan Chang

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PeerJ, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Wei-Ta Fang *Graduate Institute of Environmental Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Eric Ng *School of Management and Enterprise, University of Southern Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
Shu-Mei LiuDepartment of Preschool Education, College of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Yi-Te ChiangGraduate Institute of Environmental Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Mei-Chuan ChangGraduate Institute of Environmental Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
National Taiwan Normal University · TWHangzhou Normal University · CNUniversity of Southern Queensland · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAlthough there is evidence linking the relationships between smartphone usage with health, stress, and academic performance, there is still inadequate knowledge about the influence on pro-environmental behaviors. This study seeks to bridge this gap by adapting the theory of attribution framework to examine the effects of personal norms, social norms, perceived behavioral control on pro-environmental behavior of smartphone usage in children.

methodsA total of 225 children aged between 11 to 12 from eight selected public primary schools at the Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park in Taiwan were surveyed. Two distinct groups (excessive versus moderate usage) were purposefully selected for comparison, of which 96 participants were excessive smartphone users while the remaining 129 were moderate smartphone users.

resultsFindings revealed significant differences between excessive and moderate smartphone usage children groups in personal norms ( DISCUSSION: The results suggested that excessive smartphone usage children lack positive perceived behavioral control, and their pro-environmental behavior could only be predicted through explicit social norms, whereas pro-environmental behavior of moderate smartphone usage children was implicitly influenced by personal norms through perceived behavioral control.

Indexed as

ChildrenPerceived behavioral controlPersonal normsPro-environmental behaviorSmartphone usageSocial norms

Identifiers

PMID34178481
PMCPMC8216169
OpenAlexW3118403331

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.