Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34178404›Full record

ArticleSafety and health at work2021

Prevalence and Effect of Workplace Violence against Emergency Nurses at a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Betty Kiunga Kibunja, Horatius Malilu Musembi, Rachel Wangari Kimani, Samwel Maina Gatimu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Safety and health at work, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Application of Computational Simulation for Occupational Safety Assessment in a Psychiatric Hospital.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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  5. Workplace violence against nurses in the Emergency Department in a Ghanaian Tertiary Hospital.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Betty Kiunga KibunjaSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Kenya.
Horatius Malilu MusembiSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Kenya.
Rachel Wangari KimaniSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Kenya.
Samwel Maina GatimuSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Aga Khan University, Kenya.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWorkplace violence (WPV) is a major occupational and health hazard for nurses. It affects nurses' physical and psychological well-being and impacts health service delivery. We aimed to assess the prevalence and describe the consequences of WPV experienced by nurses working in an emergency department in Kenya.

methodsWe conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among emergency nurses at one of the largest tertiary hospitals in Kenya. We collected data using a structured questionnaire adapted from the 'WPV in the Health Sector, Country Case Studies Research Instruments' questionnaire. We described the prevalence and effects of WPV using frequencies and percentages.

resultsOf the 82 participating nurses, 64.6% were female, 57.3% were married and 65.8% were college-educated (65.8%). Participants' mean age was 33.8 years (standard deviation: 6.8 years, range: 23-55). The overall lifetime prevalence of WPV was 81.7% (

conclusionWorkplace violence is a significant problem affecting emergency nurses in Kenya. Hospitals should promote workplace safety with zero-tolerance to violence. Nurses should be sensitised on WPV to mitigate violence and supported when they experience WPV.

Indexed as

EmergencyHealth workersHospitalKenyaNursesOccupational healthPatients' relativesSexual harassmentWorkforceWorkplace violence

Identifiers

PMID34178404
PMCPMC8209348

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.