ArticleThe Pan African medical journal2021
Clinical and biochemical correlates of hypogonadism in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in The Pan African medical journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for erectile dysfunction in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Low testosterone levels in men at age 31 associates with future risk of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: A birth cohort study.Andrology · 2026Article
- Serum testosterone and cardiometabolic risk in Nigerian men with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Contribution and Regulation of HIF-1α in Testicular Injury Induced by Diabetes Mellitus.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Garden Cress Seed Oil Abrogates Testicular Oxidative Injury and NF-kB-Mediated Inflammation in Diabetic Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionthere is an association between hypogonadism and obesity, chronic hyperglycaemia, and ageing in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is known to be associated with low testosterone. There is a paucity of data on the risk factors of hypogonadism in Nigerian men with T2DM. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and biochemical correlates of hypogonadism and clinical predictors of low total testosterone levels in men with T2DM.
methodsthis was a cross-sectional study consisting of 358 men with T2DM and 179 non-diabetic men (controls). Structured Androgen Deficiency in the Ageing Male questionnaire was administered. Clinical and biochemical parameters were measured. Free testosterone was calculated from albumin, SHBG and total testosterone using Vermeulen´s method. Hypogonadism was defined as fasting TT as < 8 nmol/L with or without symptoms or TT of 8-12 nmol/L with symptoms of androgen deficiency. Low testosterone was defined as serum total testosterone levels ≤ 12 nmol/L.
resultsthe mean (±SD) total testosterone of men with T2DM and controls were 8.79±3.35 nmol/L and 15.41±3.79 nmol/L respectively (p < 0.001). The risk of hypogonadism was associated with central obesity (Odds ratio [OR] 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38-13.07), systolic hypertension (OR 3.93, 95% CI 0.67-23.10), hyperglycaemia (OR 2.48, 95% CI 0.37-16.46) and hypercholesterolaemia (OR 2.50, 95% CI 0.43-14.61). In a multivariable regression analysis, there was a significant negative correlation between total testosterone and triglycerides (r -1.85, 95% CI -3.58 - 0.12, P = 0.04) and HDL cholesterol (r -1.25, 95% CI -5.95-3.45, P = 0.02).
conclusionthis study shows that in men with T2DM, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol are independent correlates of hypogonadism but not central adiposity, systolic blood pressure and glycaemia. Further large prospective studies are recommended.
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