ArticleRace and social problems2022
Historical Redlining and Resident Exposure to COVID-19: A Study of New York City.
Article in Race and social problems, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Methodologic Strategies for Quantifying Associations of Historical and Contemporary Mortgage Discrimination on Population Health Equity: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of historic neighborhood redlining and contemporary health outcomes.Public health · 2025Pooled it
- LocaliType: Development of locality-based social determinants of health archetypes using census tract data from the UCSF Health Atlas.Wellbeing, space and society · 2026Article
- Lasting effects of redlining: The association of historical redlining and cognitive function in older Black adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Does time heal all wounds? Examining the lasting impact of historic redlining on contemporary racial disparities in allostatic load in Baltimore, Maryland.Ethnicity & health · 2026Article
- Mediating Pathways Between Neighborhood Structural Investment and Cardiometabolic Health Across U.S. Cities.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Associations between historical redlining and BMI: Potential indirect pathways through neighborhood socioeconomic and environment factors and their associated lifestyle behaviors in CARDIA.Health & place · 2026Article
- Rapid Access to Emergency Medical Services Within Historically Redlined Areas.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Vulnerable Communities: What the Clinician Should Know.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2025Review
- The long-run effect of historical redlining practices on social vulnerability in U.S. cities.Cities (London, England) · 2025Article
- Race, historical redlining, and contemporary transportation noise disparities in the United States.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- The impact of historical redlining policies on community composition and the COVID-19 pandemic in Boston.PloS one · 2025Article
- Home and school pollutant exposure, respiratory outcomes, and influence of historical redlining.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024Article
- Still Separate, Still Not Equal: An Ecological Examination of Redlining and Racial Segregation with COVID-19 Vaccination Administration in Washington D.C.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Association of Historical Housing Discrimination and Colon Cancer Treatment and Outcomes in the United States.JCO oncology practice · 2024Article
- Evaluating Methods for Mapping Historical Redlining to Census Tracts for Health Equity Research.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2024Article
- Spatial Variation in COVID-19 Mortality in New York City and Its Association with Neighborhood Race, Ethnicity, and Nativity Status.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Epidemiologic Assessment of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Presentation in NYC During COVID-19.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2023Article
- Seeing Red: Associations between Historical Redlining and Present-Day Visual Impairment and Blindness.Ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Racialized Housing Discrimination and Population Health: a Scoping Review and Research Agenda.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been reported to disproportionately impact racial/ethnic minorities in the USA, both in terms of infections and deaths. This racial disparity in the COVID-19 outcomes may result from the segregation of minorities in neighborhoods with health-compromising conditions. We, thus, anticipate that neighborhoods would be especially vulnerable to COVID-19 if they are of present-day economic and racial disadvantage and were redlined historically. To test this expectation, we examined the change of both confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths from April to July, 2020, in zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) in the New York City using multilevel regression analysis. The results indicate that ZCTAs with a higher proportion of black and Hispanic populations are associated with a higher percentage of COVID-19 infection. Historically low-graded neighborhoods show a higher risk for COVID-19 infection, even for ZCTAs with present-day economic and racial privilege. These associations change over time as the pandemic unfolds. Racial/ethnic minorities are bearing the brunt of the COVID-19 pandemic's health impact. The current evidence shows that the pre-existing social structure in the form of racial residential segregation could be partially responsible for the disparities observed, highlighting an urgent need to stress historical segregation and to build a less segregated and more equal society.
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