ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Harnessing Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance to Improve Outcomes in Solid Organ Transplantation: A Review.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global trends of peripheral immune tolerance research: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Current opinion in pediatrics: pediatric lung transplantation in the 21 st century.Current opinion in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Review
- Immune-evasive stem cells: engineering tolerance and reprogramming microenvironments for regenerative therapy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
- A comprehensive review on the role of PM2.5 in modulating transplant immunity and graft survival.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Review
- Targeted immunomodulation for chronic diseases through advanced delivery platforms.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2026Review
- The Role of MicroRNAs in Treg-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Narrative Review Focusing on Immune-Related Diseases.Journal of immunology research · 2026Review
- The dual role of T cells in solid organ transplant rejection and immune tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Engineering the Immune Response to Biomaterials.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Immune Modulation Strategies in Gene Therapy: Overcoming Immune Barriers and Enhancing Efficacy.Current gene therapy · 2025Review
- Immunosuppressant adherence after heart transplantation: a review on detection, prevention, and intervention strategies in a multidisciplinary.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- TSG-6 expression distinguishes rejected and non-rejected human lung transplants: a retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Role of Complement-dependent Cytotoxicity Crossmatch and HLA Typing in Solid Organ Transplant.Reviews on recent clinical trials · 2024Review
- Congenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation promotes survival of heart allografts in murine models of acute and chronic rejection.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Article
- Biomaterial Strategies for Selective Immune Tolerance: Advances and Gaps.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Treg Therapy for the Induction of Immune Tolerance in Transplantation-Not Lost in Translation?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Differentially activated B cells develop regulatory phenotype and show varying immunosuppressive features: a comparative study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Continuation of immunosuppression vs. immunosuppression weaning in potential repeat kidney transplant candidates: a care management perspective.Frontiers in nephrology · 2023Review
- A Comprehensive Landscape ofTransplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2023Article
- Cutting-Edge Delivery Systems and Adjuvants in Tolerogenic Vaccines: A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Survival after solid organ transplantation (SOT) is limited by chronic rejection as well as the need for lifelong immunosuppression and its associated toxicities. Several preclinical and clinical studies have tested methods designed to induce transplantation tolerance without lifelong immune suppression. The limited success of these strategies has led to the development of clinical protocols that combine SOT with other approaches, such as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). HSCT prior to SOT facilitates engraftment of donor cells that can drive immune tolerance. Recent innovations in graft manipulation strategies and post-HSCT immune therapy provide further advances in promoting tolerance and improving clinical outcomes. In this review, we discuss conventional and unconventional immunological mechanisms underlying the development of immune tolerance in SOT recipients and how they can inform clinical advances. Specifically, we review the most recent mechanistic studies elucidating which immune regulatory cells dampen cytotoxic immune reactivity while fostering a tolerogenic environment. We further discuss how this understanding of regulatory cells can shape graft engineering and other therapeutic strategies to improve long-term outcomes for patients receiving HSCT and SOT.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.