ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
How Does B Cell Antigen Presentation Affect Memory CD4 T Cell Differentiation and Longevity?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Elusive B Cell Antigen in Multiple Sclerosis: Time to Rethink CNS B Cell Functions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- B Cells or T Cells in the Development and Sustenance of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Who is the Potential Contributor?Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2026Review
- B cells maintain the homeostasis of splenic marginal zone antigen-presenting cells to promote the antiviral CD8Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Persistent antigen is essential for sustainingScience advances · 2026Article
- Good's Syndrome Mirrors a Combined Immunodeficiency with Anti-Cytokine Antibodies in the Total Absence of B Cells.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Article
- B-cells in breast cancer: current insights and challenges.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Lymphoid B cells upregulate HIV-1 ex vivo and are linked to its expression in vivo.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The immune response behind peptide vaccination in diffuse midline glioma.Molecular oncology · 2024Article
- Lack of memory recall in human CD4 T cells elicited by the first encounter with SARS-CoV-2.iScience · 2024Article
- H3K27M neoepitope vaccination in diffuse midline glioma induces B and T cell responses across diverse HLA loci of a recovered patient.Science advances · 2024Article
- Persistent B Cell-Derived MHC Class II Signaling Is Required for the Optimal Maintenance of Tissue-Resident Helper T Cells.ImmunoHorizons · 2024Article
- Immunophenotypic variations in syphilis: insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptome analysis of tumor immune microenvironment characteristics in colorectal cancer liver metastasis.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Targeting Endocytosis and Cell Communications in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2022Review
- Composition of the infiltrating immune cells in the brain of healthy individuals: effect of aging.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Article
- Engineering complexity in human tissue models of cancer.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2022Review
- Review
- Durability of SARS-CoV-2-Specific T-Cell Responses at 12 Months Postinfection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Recent Development of Ruminant Vaccine Against Viral Diseases.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Bioinformatics-Based Approach for Exploring the Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns in Alzheimer's Disease and Determining the Intervention Mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Pill.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Dendritic cells are the antigen presenting cells that process antigens effectively and prime the immune system, a characteristic that have gained them the spotlights in recent years. B cell antigen presentation, although less prominent, deserves equal attention. B cells select antigen experienced CD4 T cells to become memory and initiate an orchestrated genetic program that maintains memory CD4 T cells for life of the individual. Over years of research, we have demonstrated that low levels of antigens captured by B cells during the resolution of an infection render antigen experienced CD4 T cells into a quiescent/resting state. Our studies suggest that in the absence of antigen, the resting state associated with low-energy utilization and proliferation can help memory CD4 T cells to survive nearly throughout the lifetime of mice. In this review we would discuss the primary findings from our lab as well as others that highlight our understanding of B cell antigen presentation and the contributions of the MHC Class II accessory molecules to this outcome. We propose that the quiescence induced by the low levels of antigen presentation might be a mechanism necessary to regulate long-term survival of CD4 memory T cells and to prevent cross-reactivity to autoantigens, hence autoimmunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.