ReviewFrontiers in neurology2021
Metabolic Aspects of Migraine: Association With Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between lifestyle behaviors and tension-type headache and migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Current Update on Categorization of Migraine Subtypes on the Basis of Genetic Variation: a Systematic Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Pooled it
- A role of NLRP3 and MMP9 in migraine progression: a systematic review of translational study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Very-low-calorie ketogenic diet vs hypocaloric balanced diet in the prevention of high-frequency episodic migraine: the EMIKETO randomized, controlled trial.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Trial
- Pancreatic Steatosis: Innocent Bystander or Silent Culprit?The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Serum serotonin and its association with glycaemic indices and haemoglobin in adults with migraine: a comparative cross-sectional study.BMC neurology · 2026Observational
- Episodic migraine is associated with a more atherogenic lipid profile rather than independent insulin resistance: a case-control study.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Integrating Divergence-Based Proteomic Analysis and Directed Network Diffusion to Characterize Diagnosis-Anchored Molecular Variability at the Metabolic Syndrome-Migraine Interface.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- New Adjuvant Therapies for Obesity-Related Disorders Associated with Meta-Neuroinflammation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Associations of Physical Activity and Dietary Habits with Migraine Frequency and Intensity in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- The relationship between triglyceride levels and medication overuse headache in patients with chronic migraine.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2026Article
- Dietary Modulation of Migraine: Metabolic, Neuroinflammatory and Microbiota-Mediated Mechanisms.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Simultaneous Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Systems and the Remote Electrical Neuromodulation (REN) Wearable for Patients with Comorbid Diabetes and Migraine: An Interventional Single-Arm Compatibility Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Observational
- Impact of bariatric surgery on headache frequency and severity and quality of life in patients with migraine: a prospective study.BMJ neurology open · 2026Article
- The Association Between Migraine and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review.International journal of preventive medicine · 2026Review
- Nutrition and Physical Activity in an Interdisciplinary Approach to Migraine: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Migraines, Obesity, and Pregnancy: Who Is the Villain and Who Is the Victim?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Inverse association of obesity with bout periodicity in episodic cluster headache: a multicenter cross-sectional study.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Observational
- Fasting and Headache.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Migraine is a disabling neurovascular disorder, characterized by moderate to severe unilateral headaches, nausea, photophobia, and/or phonophobia, with a higher prevalence in women than in men, which can drastically affect the quality of life of migraine patients. In addition, this chronic disorder is related with metabolic comorbidities associated with the patient's lifestyle, including obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM). Beyond the personal and socioeconomic impact caused by migraine, obesity and DM, it has been suggested that these metabolic disorders seem to be related to migraine since: (i) they are a risk factor for developing cardiovascular disorders or chronic diseases; (ii) they can be influenced by genetic and environmental risk factors; and (iii) while clinical and epidemiological studies suggest that obesity is a risk factor for migraine, DM (i.e., type 1 and type 2 DM) have been reported to be either a protective or a risk factor in migraine. On this basis, and given the high worldwide prevalence of migraine, obesity, and DM, this article provides a narrative review of the current literature related to the association between the etiology and pathophysiology of migraine and these metabolic disorders, considering lifestyle aspects, as well as the possible involvement of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and/or sex hormones. While a link between migraine and metabolic disorders has been suggested, many studies are contradictory and the mechanisms involved in this association are not yet sufficiently established. Therefore, further research should be focused on understanding the possible mechanisms involved.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.