ReviewAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2021
Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide-Based Vaccine Alternative.
Review in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- AI-aided design of multi-epitope peptide vaccine elicits cellular and humoral immunity to broad Omicron subvariants.Zoological research · 2026Article
- Rational Development of a Novel Emulgel Adjuvant for Single-Shot Effective Vaccination: A Multivariate Analysis Approach.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Kidney Involvement in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Peritoneal Dialysis as the Preferred Modality.Vaccines · 2025Review
- A novel pan-epitope based nanovaccine self-assembled with CpG enhances immune responses against flavivirus.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Non-RBD peptides of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exhibit immunodominance as they elicit both innate and adaptive immune responses.Heliyon · 2024Article
- COVID-19 Variants and Vaccine Development.Viruses · 2024Review
- Review
- Identification of Closed Linear Epitopes in S1-RBD and S2-HR1/2 of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Able to Induce Neutralizing Abs.Vaccines · 2023Article
- The potential of developing a protective peptide-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.Drug development research · 2022Article
- Peptide-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: Peptide Antigen Discovery and Screening of Adjuvant Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Smart therapies against global pandemics: A potential of short peptides.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- A Comprehensive Review of the Protein Subunit Vaccines Against COVID-19.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Supramolecular Nanostructures for Vaccines.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Detection and Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Neutralization by a Sensitive Competitive ELISA Assay.Vaccines · 2021Article
- Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide-Based Vaccine Alternative.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2021Review
- Optimization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Expression in the Silkworm and Induction of Efficient Protective Immunity by Inoculation With Alum Adjuvants.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Enhanced Immune Responses by Virus-Mimetic Polymeric Nanostructures Against Infectious Diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
COVID-19 is disastrous to global health and the economy. SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibits similar clinical symptoms and immunopathological sequelae to SARS-CoV infection. Therefore, much of the developmental progress on SARS-CoV vaccines can be utilized for the development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Careful antigen selection during development is always of utmost importance for the production of effective vaccines that do not compromise recipient safety. This holds especially true for SARS-CoV vaccines, as several immunopathological disorders are associated with the activity of structural and nonstructural proteins encoded in the virus's genetic material. Whole viral protein and RNA-encoding full-length proteins contain both protective and "dangerous" sequences, unless pathological fragments are deleted. In light of recent advances, peptide vaccines may present a very safe and effective alternative. Peptide vaccines can avoid immunopathological pro-inflammatory sequences, focus immune responses on neutralizing immunogenic epitopes, avoid off-target antigen loss, combine antigens with different protective roles or mechanisms, even from different viral proteins, and avoid mutant escape by employing highly conserved cryptic epitopes. In this review, an attempt is made to exploit the similarities between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in vaccine antigen screening, with particular attention to the pathological and immunogenic properties of SARS proteins.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.