Observational studyEuropean journal of internal medicine2021
Standardizing PaO2 for PaCO2 in P/F ratio predicts in-hospital mortality in acute respiratory failure due to Covid-19: A pilot prospective study.
Observational study in European journal of internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Associated with Outcomes of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure with Acidosis: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Integrating Host Genetics and Clinical Setting in Machine Learning Models: Predicting COVID-19 Prognosis for Healthcare Decision-Making (The FeMiNa Study).Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Does a prior COVID-19 infection affect lung dynamics during thoracic anesthesia?BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Beyond the PaOAnnals of intensive care · 2026Review
- Predictive validity of the simplified Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema score for mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Development and validation of machine learning-based prediction for in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia and respiratory failure.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of the PaOBMJ open · 2025Observational
- Unmasking hypoxemia: the role of standard PaO₂ in interpreting Arterial blood gas analysis.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Assessment of smoking exposure by urine cotinine levels in severe COVID-19 patients: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Use of the PaOJournal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Predictive validity of the sequential organ failure assessment score for mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome in Vietnam.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Observational
- Oxygenation indices and early prediction of outcome in hypoxemic patients with COVID-19 pneumonia requiring noninvasive respiratory support in pulmonary intermediate care unit.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2024Article
- Increased Oxidative Stress and Decreased Citrulline in Blood Associated with Severe Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Adult Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Clinical value of CD3American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Prognostic value of respiratory parameters for COVID-19 patients in the emergency department: results from the EC-COVID study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- A retrospective analysis of COVID-19 tracheostomies: Early versus late tracheostomy.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2023Article
- Hemodynamic, Oxygenation and Lymphocyte Parameters Predict COVID-19 Mortality.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2023Article
- Association between PaOInternal and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Conservative oxygen supplementation during helmet continuous positive airway pressure therapy in patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure: a pilot study.ERJ open research · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on byStandardised PaO2021
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionUp to fifteen percent of patients with novel pandemic coronavirus disease (Covid-19) have acute respiratory failure (ARF). Ratio between arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), P/F, is currently used as a marker of ARF severity in Covid-19. P/F does not reflect the respiratory efforts made by patients to maintain arterial blood oxygenation, such as tachypnea and hyperpnea, leading to hypocapnia. Standard PaO2, the value of PaO2 adjusted for arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of the subject, better reflects the pathophysiology of hypoxemic ARF. We hypothesized that the ratio between standard PaO2 over FiO2 (STP/F) better predicts Covid-19 ARF severity compared to P/F.
methodsAim of this pilot prospectic observational study was to observe differences between STP/F and P/F in predicting outcome failure, defined as need of invasive mechanical ventilation and/or deaths in Covid-19 ARF. Accuracy was calculated using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis and areas under the ROC curve (AUROC) were compared.
results349 consecutive subjects admitted to our respiratory wards due to Covid-19 ARF were enrolled. STP/F was accurate to predict mortality and superior to P/F with, respectively, AUROC 0.710 versus 0.688, p = 0.012.Both STP/F and PF were accurate to predict outcome failure (AUROC respectively of 0.747 and 0.742, p = 0.590). DISCUSSION: This is the first study assessing the role of STP/F in describing severity of ARF in Covid-19. According to results, STP/F is accurate and superior to P/F in predicting in-hospital mortality.
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