ArticleCarcinogenesis2021
Use of hair products in relation to ovarian cancer risk.
Article in Carcinogenesis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07216898 (You Have the Right to Know), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
You Have the Right to Know: Empowering Women Through Clean Beauty Research and Education
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic evidence mapping informs a class-based approach to assessing personal care products and pubertal timing.Environment international · 2023Pooled it
- Use of Chemical Hair Straighteners and Menstrual Disturbances.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2026Article
- Chemicals of Concern in Chemical Hair Straightening Products: A Scoping Review.Current environmental health reports · 2026Article
- Occupational exposures among hairdressers and the occurrence of hormone-related conditions.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2026Article
- Clean beauty gentrification: The role of historic and contemporary resource allocation practices on hair product safety in Boston, MA.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Association between hair dye use and human cancers: A systematic review.JAAD international · 2026Review
- Use of hair straighteners and chemical relaxers and incidence of non-reproductive cancers.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2026Article
- Evaluating personal care product use by Environmental Working Group hazard scores in relation to consumers' sociodemographic characteristics, purchasing behaviors, and product safety perceptions.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- The Power of Strategic Social Media Influencer Communication to Improve Black Women's Knowledge and Awareness of Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals: Surveys of Instagram Users.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Chemicals of concern in select packaged hair relaxers available on the Kenyan market: an examination of ingredient labels and measurement of pH.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Exploring the barriers and facilitators to safer hair product purchasing and use among Black women in the greater Boston area through photovoice in the RESTYLE study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Asking Why Is Necessary to Address Health Disparities: A Critical Approach for Solution-Oriented Environmental Epidemiological Research.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Hair product use and urinary biomarker concentrations of non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals among reproductive-aged Black women.Chemosphere · 2024Article
- Associations between use of chemical hair products and epigenetic age: Findings from the Sister Study.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2024Article
- Use of personal care product mixtures and incident hormone-sensitive cancers in the Sister Study: A U.S.-wide prospective cohort.Environment international · 2024Article
- Broadening the Environmental Lens to Include Social and Structural Determinants of Women's Health Disparities.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Hair relaxer use and risk of uterine cancer in the Black Women's Health Study.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Assessment of personal care product use and perceptions of use in a sample of US adults affiliated with a university in the Northeast.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Use of Chemical Hair Straighteners and Fecundability in a North American Preconception Cohort.American journal of epidemiology · 2023Article
- Response to Etminan.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We evaluated whether hair products, which may contain carcinogens and endocrine disruptors that can be absorbed into the bloodstream, are related to ovarian cancer incidence in a prospective cohort. After excluding women with a history of ovarian cancer or bilateral oophorectomy, 40 559 Sister Study participants ages 35-74 at enrollment (2003-2009) were included. Participants completed questionnaires on hair product use, including hair dyes, straighteners/relaxers and permanents/body waves, in the past 12 months. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between hair products and incident ovarian cancer. We assessed associations stratified by tumor type (serous, non-serous). Over a mean follow-up of 10 years, 241 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Ever use of any of the examined hair products during the past year was not associated with ovarian cancer risk. However, frequent use (>4 times/year) of straighteners/relaxers or pressing products in the past year was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer (HR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.12-4.27). Ever use of permanent hair dye was positively associated with non-serous (HR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.12-3.37), but inversely associated with serous (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43-0.99) tumors (p-for-heterogeneity = 0.002). Our novel findings suggest that frequent use of hair straighteners/relaxers or pressing products, which are primarily used by African American/Black women, and possibly permanent hair dye, may be associated with the occurrence of ovarian cancers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.