ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2021
Global epidemiology of valvular heart disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06283940 (Effect of Physiotherapist-led Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Older Patients With Aortic Stenosis Who Have Undergone TAVI?), which is not on this map. Cited by 379 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Physiotherapist-led Exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Older Patients With Aortic Stenosis Who Have Undergone TAVI?
Who cites it
379 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 684 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of aortic stenosis enhance therapeutic target discovery and disease prediction.Nature genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Guideline
- Peri-operative rehabilitation in patients undergoing elective cardiac valve surgery: a randomised controlled trial.Anaesthesia · 2026Trial
- Primary regional disparities in clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of a typically designed study of valvular heart disease at 46 tertiary hospitals in China: Insights from the China-VHD Study.Chinese medical journal · 2025Trial
- Application of low-intensity anticoagulation after On-X mechanical aortic valve replacement.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2025Trial
- Article
- Prognostic value of pulmonary artery pulsatility index for perioperative adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing surgery for mitral regurgitation.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2026Article
- Transportability of an artificial intelligence electrocardiography model for structural heart disease: external validation and recalibration of EchoNext-Mini in MIMIC-IV.European heart journal. Digital health · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends in Hospitalization and Interventions for Aortic Stenosis in Canada, 2012-2024.CJC open · 2026Article
- Morphological Variation in the Human Mitral Valve Using Statistical Shape Modelling.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Performance of a Deep Learning Model Using Phonocardiogram and Single-Lead ECG Signals for Detecting Moderate-or-Greater Aortic Stenosis: Multicenter External Validation.Clinical cardiology · 2026Article
- Innovation and Challenges in Materials for Transcatheter Aortic Valves.Journal of cardiovascular translational research · 2026Review
- Outcomes, survival, mortality, and major adverse events in aortic valve replacement surgeries in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.JTCVS structural and endovascular · 2026Article
- From biomechanical mechanisms to clinical reasoning: Deciphering mechanobiological drivers of aortic valve calcification for precision therapy.Mechanobiology in medicine · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Differences in Clinical Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta-Analysis of Reconstructed Individual Patient Survival Data.Structural heart : the journal of the Heart Team · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Prognostic Significance of Frailty in Elderly Patients With Severe Valvular Heart Diseases.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Frequency and natural course of American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association valvular heart disease stages in the general population: results from the population-based STAAB cohort study.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2026Article
- Targeting canonical TGFβ/SMAD3 and ERK1/2 signaling in human valve interstitial cells to modulate immune-fibrotic responses in rheumatic heart disease.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Article
- A Geometric Feature Tracking Approach for Noninvasive Patient-Specific Estimation of Leaflet Strain from 3D Images of Heart Valves.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Health-Related Quality of Life and Associated Factors Among Patients With Bioprosthetic Heart Valve Replacement: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nursing open · 2026Article
319 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a major contributor to loss of physical function, quality of life and longevity. The epidemiology of VHD varies substantially around the world, with a predominance of functional and degenerative disease in high-income countries, and a predominance of rheumatic heart disease in low-income and middle-income countries. Reflecting this distribution, rheumatic heart disease remains by far the most common manifestation of VHD worldwide and affects approximately 41 million people. By contrast, the prevalence of calcific aortic stenosis and degenerative mitral valve disease is 9 and 24 million people, respectively. Despite a reduction in global mortality related to rheumatic heart disease since 1900, the death rate has remained fairly static since 2000. Meanwhile, deaths from calcific aortic stenosis have continued to rise in the past 20 years. Epidemiological data on other important acquired and congenital forms of VHD are limited. An ageing population and advances in therapies make an examination of the changing global epidemiology of VHD crucial for advances in clinical practice and formulation of health policy. In this Review, we discuss the global burden of VHD, geographical variation in the presentation and clinical management, and temporal trends in disease burden.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.