ArticleScientific reports2021
Limited intestinal inflammation despite diarrhea, fecal viral RNA and SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA in patients with acute COVID-19.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Interleukin-23 in lung and airway diseases: from pathogenesis to precision-guided therapeutic targeting.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Alterations of the gut commensalVirulence · 2025Article
- Relationship Between Acute SARS-CoV-2 Viral Clearance and Long COVID-19 (Long COVID) Symptoms: A Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Utility of Protein Markers in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Ultrasensitive detection of intact SARS-CoV-2 particles in complex biofluids using microfluidic affinity capture.Science advances · 2025Article
- New-onset gastrointestinal disorders in COVID-19 patients 3.5 years post-infection in the inner-city population in the Bronx.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A Small Intestinal Helminth Infection Alters Colonic Mucus and Shapes the Colonic Mucus Microbiome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Long COVID and gut candidiasis: What is the existing relationship?World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Relationship between acute SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance with Long COVID Symptoms: a cohort study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Vaccine targeting to mucosal lymphoid tissues promotes humoral immunity in the gastrointestinal tract.Science advances · 2024Article
- A pro-inflammatory gut mucosal cytokine response is associated with mild COVID-19 disease and superior induction of serum antibodies.Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- Elevated type-17 cytokines are present in axial spondyloarthritis stool.Discovery immunology · 2024Article
- Incidence of persistent SARS-CoV-2 gut infection in patients with a history of COVID-19: Insights from endoscopic examination.Endoscopy international open · 2024Article
- COVID-19 and Gastrointestinal Tract: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Manifestations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- 20-Month monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater of Curitiba, in Southern Brazil.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023Article
- Emerging role of the gut microbiome in post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome: A literature review.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Intestinal barrier dysfunction as a key driver of severe COVID-19.World journal of virology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
27 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients but the nature of the gut immune response to SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly characterized, partly due to the difficulty of obtaining biopsy specimens from infected individuals. In lieu of tissue samples, we measured cytokines, inflammatory markers, viral RNA, microbiome composition, and antibody responses in stool samples from a cohort of 44 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in stool of 41% of patients and more frequently in patients with diarrhea. Patients who survived had lower fecal viral RNA than those who died. Strains isolated from stool and nasopharynx of an individual were the same. Compared to uninfected controls, COVID-19 patients had higher fecal levels of IL-8 and lower levels of fecal IL-10. Stool IL-23 was higher in patients with more severe COVID-19 disease, and we found evidence of intestinal virus-specific IgA responses associated with more severe disease. We provide evidence for an ongoing humeral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in the gastrointestinal tract, but little evidence of overt inflammation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.