Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34171826›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021

Cortical gyrification in children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and prenatal alcohol exposure.

Lisa A Kilpatrick, Shantanu H Joshi, Joseph O'Neill, Guldamla Kalender, Andrea Dillon, Karin M Best, Katherine L Narr, Jeffry R Alger, Jennifer G Levitt, Mary J O'Connor

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Influence ofInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lisa A KilpatrickG. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: lisa@lisakilpatrick.com.
Shantanu H JoshiDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Joseph O'NeillDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Guldamla KalenderDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Andrea DillonDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Karin M BestDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Katherine L NarrDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jeffry R AlgerDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Neurospectroscopics, LLC., Sherman Oaks, CA, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Jennifer G LevittDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Mary J O'ConnorDivision of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Funding

Neurochemical Correlates of Brain Abnormalities in Prenatal Alcohol ExposureR01AA025066 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI LEVITT, JENNIFER G., O'CONNOR, MARY J. · 2016 to 2019
$2.2M
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA025066
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAn improved understanding of the neurodevelopmental differences between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without prenatal alcohol exposure (ADHD + PAE and ADHD-PAE, respectively) is needed. Herein, we evaluated gyrification (cortical folding) in children with ADHD + PAE compared to that in children with familial ADHD-PAE and typically developing (TD) children.

methodsADHD + PAE (n = 37), ADHD-PAE (n = 25), and TD children (n = 27), aged 8-13 years, were compared on facial morphological, neurobehavioral, and neuroimaging assessments. Local gyrification index (LGI) maps were compared between groups using general linear modelling. Relationships between LGI and clincobehavioral parameters in children with ADHD ± PAE were evaluated using multivariate partial least squares.

resultsADHD + PAE and ADHD-PAE groups showed significantly lower LGI (relative to TD) in numerous regions, overlapping in medial prefrontal, parietal, and temporo-occipital cortices (p < 0.001). However, LGI in left mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was uniquely lower in the ADHD + PAE group (p < 0.001). Partial least squares analysis identified one significant latent variable (accounting for 59.3 % of the crossblock correlation, p < 0.001), reflecting a significant relationship between a profile of lower LGI in prefrontal (including left mid-dorsolateral), insular, cingulate, temporal, and parietal cortices and a clinicobehavioral profile of PAE, including a flat philtrum and upper vermillion border, lower IQ, poorer behavioral regulation scores, and greater hyperactivity/impulsivity.

conclusionsChildren with ADHD + PAE uniquely demonstrate lower mid-dorsolateral LGI, with widespread lower LGI related to more severe facial dysmorphia and neurobehavioral impairments. These findings add insight into the brain bases of PAE symptoms, potentially informing more targeted ADHD treatments based on an objective differential diagnosis of ADHD + PAE vs. ADHD-PAE.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsBrainChildFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeuroimagingPregnancyAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderFacial dysmorphologyFetal alcohol spectrum disordersGyrificationMagnetic resonance imagingPrenatal alcohol exposure

Identifiers

PMID34171826
PMCPMC8445068

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.