ArticleEnvironment international2021
Prospective associations of mid-childhood plasma per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and pubertal timing.
Article in Environment international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations of mid-childhood per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and early childhood metals with mid-childhood antibody titers.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Associated with Later Puberty in Norwegian Girls: Data from the Bergen Growth Study 2.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Precocious puberty in boys: current insights into etiology, genetic advances, and environmental factors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), thyroid hormones, sexual hormones and pubertal development in adolescents residing in the neighborhood of a 3M factory.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- Prediction of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in late childhood from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in early childhood.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Mid-Childhood Plasma Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, Modifiable Lifestyle Factors, and Bone Mineral Density Through Late Adolescence.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Timing of Puberty in Norwegian Boys: Data from the Bergen Growth Study 2.Environmental science & technology · 2024Article
- Reproductive risk factors across the female lifecourse and later metabolic health.Cell metabolism · 2024Review
- Associations of prenatal and postnatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances with pubertal development and reproductive hormones in females and males: The HOME study.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- PFAS and Phthalate/DINCH Exposure in Association with Age at Menarche in Teenagers of the HBM4EU Aligned Studies.Toxics · 2023Article
- Birth Outcomes in Relation to Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Stress in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Persistent Organic Pollutant Exposure and Thyroid Function among 12-Year-Old Children.Neuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Serum PFAS and Urinary Phthalate Biomarker Concentrations and Bone Mineral Density in 12-19 Year Olds: 2011-2016 NHANES.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may disrupt pubertal timing. Higher PFAS plasma concentrations have been associated with later pubertal timing in girls, but cross-sectional findings may be explained by reverse causation.
objectivesTo assess prospective associations between PFAS plasma concentrations in mid-childhood and markers of pubertal timing in male and female adolescents.
methodsWe studied 640 children in Project Viva, a Boston-area prospective cohort. We examined associations of plasma concentrations of 6 PFAS measured at mean 7.9 (SD 0.8) years (2007-2010) with markers of pubertal timing. Parents reported a 5-item pubertal development score at early adolescence (mean 13.1 (SD 0.8) years) and reported age at menarche annually. We calculated age at peak height velocity using research and clinical measures of height. We used sex-specific linear and Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate associations of single PFAS with outcomes, and we used Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) to estimate associations of the PFAS mixture with outcomes.
resultsPlasma concentrations were highest for perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) [median (IQR) 6.4(5.6) ng/mL], followed by perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) [4.4(3.0) ng/mL]. In early adolescence, girls were further along in puberty than boys [pubertal development score mean (SD) 2.9 (0.7) for girls and 2.2(0.7) for boys; age at peak height velocity mean (SD) 11.2y (1.0) for girls and 13.1y (1.0) for boys]. PFAS was associated with later markers of pubertal timing in girls only. For example, each doubling of PFOA was associated with lower pubertal development score (-0.18 units; 95% CI: -0.30, -0.06) and older age at peak height velocity (0.23 years; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.40)]. We observed similar associations for PFOS, perfluorodecanoate (PFDA), and the PFAS mixture. PFAS plasma concentrations were not associated with age at menarche or markers of pubertal timing in boys. DISCUSSION: Higher PFAS plasma concentrations in mid-childhood were associated with later onset of puberty in girls.
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