Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34171290›Full record

ArticleNeuron2021

Controlling one's world: Identification of sub-regions of primate PFC underlying goal-directed behavior.

Lisa Y Duan, Nicole K Horst, Stacey A W Cranmore, Naotaka Horiguchi, Rudolf N Cardinal, Angela C Roberts, Trevor W Robbins

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuron, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  4. Similar Response Dynamics Represent Opposite Behaviors and Rewards in the Frontal Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
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  5. Review
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  9. GABAMedComm · 2025
    Review
  10. A model of marmoset monkey vocal turn-taking.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  11. Adaptive Responding to Stimulus-Outcome Associations Requires Noradrenergic Transmission in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lisa Y DuanDepartment of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK. Electronic address: lisaduan33@gmail.com.
Nicole K HorstDepartment of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.
Stacey A W CranmoreDepartment of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.
Naotaka HoriguchiDepartment of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.
Rudolf N CardinalDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building for Brain & Mind Sciences, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Liaison Psychiatry Service, Box 190, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
Angela C RobertsDepartment of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.
Trevor W RobbinsDepartment of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.
University of Cambridge · GBCambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust · GB

Funding

Medical Research CouncilWellcome TrustWellcome Trust 106431/Z/14/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Impaired detection of causal relationships between actions and their outcomes can lead to maladaptive behavior. However, causal roles of specific prefrontal cortex (PFC) sub-regions and the caudate nucleus in mediating such relationships in primates are unclear. We inactivated and overactivated five PFC sub-regions, reversibly and pharmacologically: areas 24 (perigenual anterior cingulate cortex), 32 (medial PFC), 11 (anterior orbitofrontal cortex, OFC), 14 (rostral ventromedial PFC/medial OFC), and 14-25 (caudal ventromedial PFC) and the anteromedial caudate to examine their role in expressing learned action-outcome contingencies using a contingency degradation paradigm in marmoset monkeys. Area 24 or caudate inactivation impaired the response to contingency change, while area 11 inactivation enhanced it, and inactivation of areas 14, 32, or 14-25 had no effect. Overactivation of areas 11 and 24 impaired this response. These findings demonstrate the distinct roles of PFC sub-regions in goal-directed behavior and illuminate the candidate neurobehavioral substrates of psychiatric disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Indexed as

GoalsAnimalsBehavior, AnimalCallithrixLearningPrefrontal Cortexanterior cingulate cortexcaudate nucleuscommon marmosetcontingency degradationgoal-directed behaviorhabitsobsessive-compulsive disorderorbitofrontal cortexventromedial prefrontal cortex

Identifiers

PMID34171290
PMCPMC8346232
OpenAlexW3176985371

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.