Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34169396›Full record

ArticleJournal of gambling studies2022

A Measure to Assess Illness Awareness in Problem Gambling: Gambling Awareness and Insight Scale (GAS).

Julia Kim, Aron Amaev, Lena C Quilty, Peter Selby, Parita Shah, Fernando Caravaggio, Fumihiko Ueno, Bruce G Pollock, Ariel Graff-Guerrero, Philip Gerretsen

Abstract read
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Article in Journal of gambling studies, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Julia KimMultimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0379-1333
Aron AmaevMultimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Lena C QuiltyDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Peter SelbyInstitute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Parita ShahMultimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Fernando CaravaggioMultimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Fumihiko UenoMultimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Bruce G PollockGeriatric Mental Health Division, CAMH, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Ariel Graff-GuerreroMultimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Philip GerretsenMultimodal Imaging Group, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. philgerretsen@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Impaired subjective awareness of problem gambling may act as a barrier to help-seeking and treatment adherence. However, the impact of impaired problem gambling awareness on clinical and social outcomes has received little empirical study. The aim of this study was to develop and investigate the psychometric properties of a novel scale that measures impaired illness awareness in individuals with problem gambling. We developed the Gambling Awareness and Insight Scale (GAS), a self-report measure that assesses the core theoretical constructs of illness awareness in problem gambling, namely General Disorder or Problem Awareness, Accurate Symptom Attribution, Awareness of Need for Treatment and the Negative Consequences attributable to problem gambling ( www.illnessawarenessscales.com ). Data were acquired from an online survey platform, Dynata, to evaluate the psychometric properties of the GAS. A total of 100 participants aged 18 years or older with problem gambling defined by a score of 4 or more on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Pathological Gambling Diagnostic Form were included. The GAS demonstrated good convergent (r = 0.57, p < 0.001) and discriminant validity (r = - 0.18, p = 0.080). It also demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.80) and one-month test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation = 0.86). An exploratory factor analysis suggested retention of two components. The GAS is a novel psychometric tool designed to evaluate impaired subjective illness awareness in problem gambling. Initial evidence suggests that the GAS can be used in research and clinical settings to evaluate the impact of impaired problem gambling awareness on adherence to treatment programs, clinical and psychosocial outcomes. Replication in applied settings is needed.

Indexed as

GamblingDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersFactor Analysis, StatisticalHumansPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesGambling disorderIllness awarenessIllness denialInsight into illnessProblem gambling

Identifiers

PMID34169396

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.