Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34169152›Full record

ArticleInnovation in aging2021

Quality of Education and Late-Life Cognitive Function in a Population-Based Sample From Puerto Rico.

Cheyanne Barba, Alberto Garcia, Olivio J Clay, Virginia G Wadley, Ross Andel, Ana Luisa Dávila, Michael Crowe

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Innovation in aging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Cheyanne BarbaDepartment of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Alberto GarciaSchool of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Olivio J ClayDepartment of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Virginia G WadleyDivision of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
Ross AndelSchool of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA.
Ana Luisa DávilaSchool of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Michael CroweDepartment of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · USUniversity of Puerto Rico System · PRUniversity of South Florida · US

Funding

Aging in Puerto Rico: Longitudinal Follow-Up of the PREHCO StudyR01AG064769 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI CROWE, MICHAEL GABRIEL · 2019 to 2023
$3.5M
Cognitive Aging in a Population-Based Sample of Older Adults in Puerto RicoR21AG045722 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI CROWE, MICHAEL GABRIEL · 2015 to 2016
$439k
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG064769NIA NIH HHS R21 AG045722
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesWe examined quality of education, literacy, and years of education in relation to late-life cognitive function and decline in older Puerto Ricans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsOur sample consisted of 3,385 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older from the Puerto Rican Elderly: Health Conditions study. Quality of education was based on principal component analysis of variables gathered from Department of Education and Census reports. Literacy (yes/no) and years of education were self-reported. Cognitive function was assessed in participants' homes at baseline and 4 years later using a previously validated Spanish-language 20-point global screening measure for dementia, the minimental Cabán. Regression models were adjusted for sociodemographic and life course covariates.

resultsQuality of education was positively correlated with both educational attainment and cognitive performance. Independent of years of education, literacy, childhood economic hardship, and adult economic hardship, compared to participants in the lowest quartile of education quality, those in the highest quartile had significantly better baseline cognitive performance ( DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Quality of education, literacy, and years of education, while interrelated, also show independent associations with cognitive functioning in older Puerto Ricans. The downstream factors of literacy and years of education were more closely related to age-related cognitive decline than quality of education.

Indexed as

CognitionCognitive reserveMinority and diverse populations

Identifiers

PMID34169152
PMCPMC8219031
OpenAlexW3163128327

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.