ArticleInternational journal of women's health2021
Postpartum Metabolism: How Does It Change from Pregnancy and What are the Potential Implications?
Article in International journal of women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06082921 (Study of nUtrition in Postpartum and EaRly Life), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Study of nUtrition in Postpartum and EaRly Life (SUPER): Beef Feeding Trial
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Respiratory Quotient During Pregnancy and the Influence of Macronutrient Intake, Energy Balance and Maternal Fat Mass: An Exploratory Study.The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology · 2026Article
- Comparative metabolomics of paired maternal-cord samples identifies pathway-level divergence.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- Exploring cardiometabolic markers in adverse pregnancy outcomes: insights from the GROWell study.Research square · 2026Article
- Non-Targeted Plasma Lipidomic Profiling in Late Pregnancy and Early Postpartum Stages: An Observational Comparative Study.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Adherence to the Lebanese National Dietary and Lifestyle Guidelines for Pregnancy and Its Association With Postpartum Weight Retention.Maternal & child nutrition · 2025Article
- The Impact of Maternal Chronic Inflammatory Conditions on Breast Milk Composition: Possible Influence on Offspring Metabolic Programming.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Maternal Metabolic Status and Orofacial Cleft Risk: A Case-Control Study in Thailand.International dental journal · 2024Article
- Harnessing Consumer Wearable Digital Biomarkers for Individualized Recognition of Postpartum Depression Using the All of Us Research Program Data Set: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2024Article
- Postpartum hepatitis flares in mothers with chronic hepatitis B infection.Gastroenterology report · 2024Review
- Harnessing consumer wearable digital biomarkers for individualized recognition of postpartum depression using themedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Probability of Pregnancy With Mono vs Multiple Folliculogenesis in Women With Unexplained Infertility.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
- Modifiable Maternal Factors and Their Relationship to Postpartum Depression.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Factors associated with the mental health status of pregnant women in China: A latent class analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic dysfunction after pregnancy may have serious consequences for a new mother. The purpose of the study was to characterize basic changes that occur in metabolic profiles from late pregnancy through 4-6 months postpartum. A secondary purpose was to determine metabolic factors that may be contributing to postpartum weight retention.
methodsParticipants (n=25) came in for 2 visits: late pregnancy (~34 weeks gestation) and postpartum (4-6 months). Resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ), and substrate oxidation values were assessed for 15 minutes during fasted conditions. Blood was drawn and skinfold anthropometry was performed to assess additional outcomes (inflammation, insulin resistance, lipid profiles, body composition). The participants completed a number of surveys that examined other lifestyle and demographic data of interest. At the postpartum visit, additional assessments regarding sleep and breastfeeding habits were administered.
resultsRMR was lower during postpartum (1517.2±225.1 kcal/day) compared to pregnancy (1867.9±302.6 kcal/day) (p<0.001), and remained lower when expressing RMR per kg body weight (postpartum: 22.3±2.7 vs pregnant: 23.7±3.4 kcal/kg, (p=0.034). Relative RMR (RMR per kg body weight) was negatively correlated to insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) during postpartum (r=-.463, p=0.034). Maternal HOMA-IR, inflammation (CRP), triglycerides (TAG), and carbohydrate oxidation were all positively correlated to postpartum weight retention (HOMA-IR: r=0.617, p=0.004; CRP: r=0.477, p=0.039, TAG: r=0.463, p=0.040; Carbohydrate Oxidation: (r=0.469, p=0.018).
conclusionMetabolic rate is lower during postpartum compared to pregnancy, and may be connected to insulin resistance. Maternal insulin resistance, inflammation, blood lipids, and substrate metabolism are all related to postpartum weight retention.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.