Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34168371›Full record

ArticleNature immunology2021

The cellular architecture of the antimicrobial response network in human leprosy granulomas.

Feiyang Ma, Travis K Hughes, Rosane M B Teles, Priscila R Andrade, Bruno J de Andrade Silva, Olesya Plazyo, Lam C Tsoi, Tran Do, Marc H Wadsworth, Aislyn Oulee and 10 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.

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  5. Impact of protein prenylation inhibition onJournal of bacteriology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.

Feiyang MaDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6260-0787
Travis K HughesInstitute for Medical Engineering & Science and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Rosane M B TelesDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2908-3244
Priscila R AndradeDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Bruno J de Andrade SilvaDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Olesya PlazyoDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Lam C TsoiDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Tran DoDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Marc H WadsworthInstitute for Medical Engineering & Science and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Aislyn OuleeDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1300-9840
Maria Teresa OchoaDepartment of Dermatology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Euzenir N SarnoLeprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
M Luisa Iruela-ArispeDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3050-4168
Eynav KlechevskyDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6121-1571
Bryan BrysonRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Alex K ShalekInstitute for Medical Engineering & Science and Department of Chemistry, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5670-8778
Barry R BloomDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Johann E GudjonssonDepartment of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0080-0812
Matteo PellegriniDepartment of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Robert L ModlinDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. rmodlin@mednet.ucla.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4720-031X
University of California, Los Angeles · USBroad Institute · USUniversity of Michigan · USFundação Oswaldo Cruz · BRHarvard University · USNorthwestern University · USRagon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard · USUniversity of Southern California · USWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

Molecular Analysis of the Host Immune Response in LeprosyR01AI022553 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI ROBERT L MODLIN · 1989 to 2026
$15.7M
TCR GAMMA/DELTA LYMPHOCYTES IN HUMAN SKIN LESIONSR01AR040312 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI MODLIN, ROBERT L · 1990 to 2025
$10.4M
Microbiology and Metagenomics CoreP50AR080594 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI ROBERT L MODLIN · 2022 to 2026
$9.2M
Vascular Growth and RegenerationR35HL140014 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI IRUELA-ARISPE, M. LUISA · 2018 to 2024
$6.6M
University of Michigan Skin Biology and Diseases Resource-based CenterP30AR075043 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Johann Eli Gudjonsson · 2019 to 2026
$6.6M
TRAINING PROGRAM IN CELL AND MOLECULAR DERMATOLOGYT32AR007197 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI JAMES TILFORD ELDER, Sunny Y Wong · 1986 to 2026
$4.2M
The skin microbiome in acneR01AR074302 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI GALLO, RICHARD L, MODLIN, ROBERT L · 2018 to 2022
$2.6M
IL-26 in host defense against infection by intracellular bacteria in skinR01AR073252 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI MODLIN, ROBERT L · 2019 to 2023
$2.1M
An integrated multiplexed genomic assay for low input clinical samples1U24AI118672 · NIAID · BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. · PI SHALEK, ALEX K · 2015 to 2019
$2.0M
The Role of CD5 in Tumor ImmunityR01CA245277 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KLECHEVSKY, EYNAV YAFIT · 2020 to 2024
$1.8M
Harnessing Human Dendritic Cell Subsets in Skin for the Design of Novel ImmunotherapiesR01AR075959 · NIAMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KLECHEVSKY, EYNAV YAFIT · 2019 to 2023
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA245277NHLBI NIH HHS R35 HL140014NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI022553NIAID NIH HHS U24 AI118672NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR075043NIAMS NIH HHS P50 AR080594NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR040312NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR073252NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR074302NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR075959NIAMS NIH HHS T32 AR007197
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Granulomas are complex cellular structures composed predominantly of macrophages and lymphocytes that function to contain and kill invading pathogens. Here, we investigated the single-cell phenotypes associated with antimicrobial responses in human leprosy granulomas by applying single-cell and spatial sequencing to leprosy biopsy specimens. We focused on reversal reactions (RRs), a dynamic process whereby some patients with disseminated lepromatous leprosy (L-lep) transition toward self-limiting tuberculoid leprosy (T-lep), mounting effective antimicrobial responses. We identified a set of genes encoding proteins involved in antimicrobial responses that are differentially expressed in RR versus L-lep lesions and regulated by interferon-γ and interleukin-1β. By integrating the spatial coordinates of the key cell types and antimicrobial gene expression in RR and T-lep lesions, we constructed a map revealing the organized architecture of granulomas depicting compositional and functional layers by which macrophages, T cells, keratinocytes and fibroblasts can each contribute to the antimicrobial response.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedFemaleFibroblastsGene Expression ProfilingHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansKeratinocytesLeprosy, LepromatousLeprosy, TuberculoidMacrophagesMaleMiddle AgedMycobacterium lepraeRNA-Seq

Identifiers

PMID34168371
PMCPMC8579511
OpenAlexW3176292550

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.