ArticleScientific reports2021
Trends in use of e-cigarette device types and heated tobacco products from 2016 to 2020 in England.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impacts of e-cigarette flavours: An overview of systematic reviews.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Heated tobacco products for smoking cessation and reducing smoking prevalence.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Patterns of e-Cigarette Use and Smoking Cessation Outcomes: Secondary Analysis of a Large Randomised Controlled Trial to Inform Clinical Advice.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Trial
- Nationwide trends in cigarette, heated tobacco product, e-cigarette, and multiple-product use in Japan 2017-2025.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Coolants, organic acids, flavourings and other additives that facilitate inhalation of tobacco and nicotine products: implications for regulation.Tobacco control · 2026Review
- Exploring the potential consequences of the disposable vape ban in the UK: A qualitative study with young adults who use disposable vapes.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Trends in Single and Multiple Noncombustible Nicotine Product Use: A Population Study in England.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Trends in where people buy their vaping products and differences by user and device characteristics: A population study in England, 2016-23.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between exclusive or dual use of combustible cigarettes and heated tobacco products and depressive symptoms.PloS one · 2025Article
- Examining Differences in Real-World Effectiveness of e-Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation by Source of Purchase in England: An Observational Study of Different Contexts Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Observational
- Cross-ancestry genetic investigation of schizophrenia, cannabis use disorder, and tobacco smoking.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Associations of Prevalence of E-cigarette Use With Quit Attempts, Quit Success, Use of Smoking Cessation Medication, and the Overall Quit Rate Among Smokers in England: A Time-Series Analysis of Population Trends 2007-2022.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Characterising smoking and nicotine use behaviours among women of reproductive age: a 10-year population study in England.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Disposable E-Cigarette Use and Subsequent Use Patterns in Adolescents and Young Adults.Pediatrics · 2024Article
- In vitro toxicological evaluation of aerosols generated by a 4th generation vaping device using nicotine salts in an air-liquid interface system.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Cross-ancestry genetic investigation of schizophrenia, cannabis use disorder, and tobacco smoking.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Best practices for secondhand smoke and secondhand aerosol protection and evidence supporting the expansion of smoke- and aerosol-free environments: Recommendations from the 2nd Joint Action on Tobacco Control.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This study examined use trends of e-cigarette devices types, heated tobacco products (HTPs) and e-liquid nicotine concentrations in England from 2016 to 2020. Data were from a representative repeat cross-sectional survey of adults aged 16 or older. Bayesian logistic regression was used to estimate proportions and 95% credible intervals (CrIs). Of 75,355 participants, 5.3% (weighted = 5.5%) were currently using e-cigarettes or HTPs, with the majority (98.7%) using e-cigarettes. Among e-cigarette users, 53.7% (CrI 52.0-55.1%) used tank devices, 23.7% (22.4-25.1%) mods, 17.3% (16.1-18.4%) pods, and 5.4% (4.7-6.2%) disposables. Tanks were the most widely used device type throughout 2016-2020. Mods were second until 2020, when pods overtook them. Among all e-cigarette/HTP users, prevalence of HTP use remains rare (3.4% in 2016 versus 4.2% in 2020), whereas JUUL use has risen from 3.4% in 2018 to 11.8% in 2020. Across all years, nicotine concentrations of ≤ 6 mg/ml were most widely (41.0%; 39.4-42.4%) and ≥ 20 mg/ml least widely used (4.1%; 3.4-4.9%). Among e-cigarette/HTP users, ex-smokers were more likely than current smokers to use mod and tank e-cigarettes, but less likely to use pods, disposables, JUUL and HTPs. In conclusion, despite growing popularity of pods and HTPs worldwide, refillable tank e-cigarettes remain the most widely used device type in England.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.