ArticleScientific reports2021
Venom duct origins of prey capture and defensive conotoxins in piscivorous Conus striatus.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Predatory and Defensive Strategies in Cone Snails.Toxins · 2024Review
- Coordinated adaptations define the ontogenetic shift from worm- to fish-hunting in a venomous cone snail.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Proteomic Analysis of the Predatory Venom ofToxins · 2022Article
- Programmed Aptamer Screening, Characterization, and Rapid Detection for α-Conotoxin MI.Toxins · 2022Article
- Comparative Venomics ofMarine drugs · 2022Article
- High-Throughput Prediction and Design of Novel Conopeptides for Biomedical Research and Development.Biodesign research · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The venom duct origins of predatory and defensive venoms has not been studied for hook-and-line fish hunting cone snails despite the pharmacological importance of their venoms. To better understand the biochemistry and evolution of injected predatory and defensive venoms, we compared distal, central and proximal venom duct sections across three specimens of C. striatus (Pionoconus) using proteomic and transcriptomic approaches. A total of 370 conotoxin precursors were identified from the whole venom duct transcriptome. Milked defensive venom was enriched with a potent cocktail of proximally expressed inhibitory α-, ω- and μ-conotoxins compared to milked predatory venom. In contrast, excitatory κA-conotoxins dominated both the predatory and defensive venoms despite their distal expression, suggesting this class of conotoxin can be selectively expressed from the same duct segment in response to either a predatory or defensive stimuli. Given the high abundance of κA-conotoxins in the Pionoconus clade, we hypothesise that the κA-conotoxins have evolved through adaptive evolution following their repurposing from ancestral inhibitory A superfamily conotoxins to facilitate the dietary shift to fish hunting and species radiation in this clade.
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