ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2021
The Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Comorbidity Index (CLL-CI): A Three-Factor Comorbidity Model.
Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Real‑life diagnostic and therapeutic approach to CLL/SLL in tuscany: the 2025 consensus.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Guideline
- Cardiovascular Challenges in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Patients Undergoing Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitor Therapy.European journal of haematology · 2026Pooled it
- Optimization of mHealth behavioral interventions for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the HEALTH4CLL study.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Trial
- Beyond Frailty Scores: Unmet Needs and Tailored Treatment Strategies in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Aged ≥ 80 Years.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Comorbidity Burden and Prognosis in Patients Aged 80+ Years With Large B-Cell Lymphoma.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Toxicity of BTK Inhibitors: A Patient-Centered Framework for Risk Stratification and Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Individualised but Specific Exercise Training Improves Physiologic Reserve and Reduces Frailty in Older Adults with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: A 12-Week Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Fitness in CLL.Cancers · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Impact of Cardiovascular Comorbidities on Disease Outcomes in a Middle Eastern Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Population: A Retrospective Study at Kuwait Cancer Control Center.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026Article
- Rethinking the feasibility and safety of venetoclaxobinutuzumab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: nontraditional factors may play a role in clinical practice.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Article
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: criteria for first-line therapeutic choice-an opinion paper.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- Venetoclax-based regimens in octogenarian patients with CLL: efficacy, safety, and comparison to BTKi in a multicenter cohort.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Polypharmacy independently predicts survival, hospitalization, and infections in patients with lymphoid cancer.HemaSphere · 2025Article
- Real world outcomes with Ibrutinib monotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a single center experience.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2025Article
- Molecular Secrets Revealed: How Diabetes may be Paving the Way for Leukemia.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024Review
- Prognostic impact of chronic lymphocytic leukemia comorbidity index in a young population: a real-world evidence study of a national gulf region cohort.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Comparison of Comorbidity Models Within a Population-Based Cohort of Older Adults With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.JCO clinical cancer informatics · 2024Article
- [The clinical features, survival analysis, and geriatric assessment of 85 patients with follicular lymphoma: a single-center study].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2024Article
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21 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeComorbid medical conditions define a subset of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with poor outcomes. However, which comorbidities are most predictive remains understudied. EXPERIMENTAL
designWe conducted a retrospective analysis from 10 academic centers to ascertain the relative importance of comorbidities assessed by the cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS). The influence of specific comorbidities on event-free survival (EFS) was assessed in this derivation dataset using random survival forests to construct a CLL-specific comorbidity index (CLL-CI). Cox models were then fit to this dataset and to a single-center, independent validation dataset.
resultsThe derivation and validation sets comprised 570 patients (59% receiving Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, BTKi) and 167 patients (50% receiving BTKi), respectively. Of the 14 CIRS organ systems, three had a strong and stable influence on EFS: any vascular, moderate/severe endocrine, moderate/severe upper gastrointestinal comorbidity. These were combined to create the CLL-CI score, which was categorized into 3 risk groups. In the derivation dataset, the median EFS values were 58, 33, and 20 months in the low, intermediate, and high-risk groups, correspondingly. Two-year overall survival (OS) rates were 96%, 91%, and 82%. In the validation dataset, median EFS values were 81, 40, and 23 months (two-year OS rates 97%/92%/88%), correspondingly. Adjusting for prognostic factors, CLL-CI was significantly associated with EFS in patients treated with either chemo-immunotherapy or with BTKi in each of our 2 datasets.
conclusionsThe CLL-CI is a simplified, CLL-specific comorbidity index that can be easily applied in clinical practice and correlates with survival in CLL.
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