ReviewJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2021
Immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: an emerging clinical problem.
Review in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Cardiotoxicity Risk of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Compared with Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- A bibliometric analysis of immunotherapy for atherosclerosis: trends and hotspots prediction.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Risk factors associated with cardiovascular hospital admissions and all-cause mortality in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced cardiotoxicity: from immune mechanisms to clinical surveillance and targeted therapies.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Advancing precision cardio-oncology: multimodal surveillance and stratified management of immunotherapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy-associated Cardiotoxicity: a Comprehensive Review of Checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal, cellular, and cytokine-based Treatments.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- CTLA-4-Ig therapy preserves cardiac function following myocardial infarction with reperfusion.Cardiovascular research · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy-Associated Cardiotoxicity: Current Insights and Future Directions for Precision Cardio-Oncology.Cancers · 2025Review
- Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of the Adaptive Immune System in Cardiovascular Diseases.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2025Review
- Functional interaction between immune checkpoints and lipid metabolism in the development of arteriosclerosis obliterans.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The role of T cells in vascular aging, hypertension, and atherosclerosis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Review
- Cardiovascular Considerations Before Cancer Therapy: Gaps in Evidence andJACC. CardioOncology · 2024Review
- Breaking tolerance: the autoimmune aspect of atherosclerosis.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Cellular Alterations in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction.Current heart failure reports · 2024Review
- Costimulatory and Coinhibitory Immune Checkpoints in Atherosclerosis: Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis?JACC. Basic to translational science · 2024Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer: the increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events and progression of coronary artery calcium.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Immune and inflammatory insights in atherosclerosis: development of a risk prediction model through single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors associated cardiovascular immune-related adverse events.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Cardiovascular toxicity of checkpoint inhibitors: review of associated toxicity and design of the Spanish Immunotherapy Registry of Cardiovascular Toxicity.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2023Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antibody-mediated blockade of co-inhibitory molecules such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4, PD1 and PDL1 elicits potent antitumor responses and improves the prognosis of many patients with cancer. As these immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly prescribed to a diverse patient population, a broad range of adverse effects is emerging. Atherosclerosis, a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease of the large arteries, may be aggravated by ICI treatment. In this review, we discuss recent clinical studies that analyze the correlation between ICI use and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Indeed, several studies report an increased incidence of atherosclerotic CVD after ICI administration, with the occurrence of pathologies such as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease significantly higher after ICI use. Increased awareness and better monitoring of ICI-treated patients can elucidate risk factors that contribute to ICI-induced aggravation of atherosclerosis and identify promising treatment strategies. For now, optimal cardiovascular risk assessment is required to protect ICI-receiving patients and long-term survivors of cancer from the detrimental effects of ICI therapy on atherosclerotic CVD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.