Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34167639›Full record

Observational studyJournal of the American College of Cardiology2021

Effect of Statin Therapy on Cognitive Decline and Incident Dementia in Older Adults.

Zhen Zhou, Joanne Ryan, Michael E Ernst, Sophia Zoungas, Andrew M Tonkin, Robyn L Woods, John J McNeil, Christopher M Reid, Andrea J Curtis, Rory Wolfe and 7 more

Open access · greenAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 51% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Zhen ZhouMenzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. Electronic address: zhen.zhou@utas.edu.au.
Joanne RyanSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Michael E ErnstDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Sophia ZoungasSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Andrew M TonkinSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Robyn L WoodsSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
John J McNeilSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Christopher M ReidSchool of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Andrea J CurtisSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Rory WolfeSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Jo WrigglesworthSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Raj C ShahDepartment of Family Medicine and Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Elsdon StoreySchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Anne MurrayDepartment of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Berman Center for Outcomes and Clinical Research, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine Hennepin HealthCare, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Suzanne G OrchardSchool of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Mark R NelsonMenzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
ASPREE Investigator Group
Mayo Clinic in Arizona · US

Funding

ASPirin in Reducing Events in the ElderlyU01AG029824 · NIA · HENNEPIN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI MCNEIL, JOHN JAMES, MURRAY, ANNE M · 2009 to 2018
$64.6M
Main Administrative CoreU19AG062682 · NIA · HENNEPIN HEALTHCARE RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI CHAN, ANDREW T, MCNEIL, JOHN JAMES · 2019 to 2023
$42.9M
Research Education CoreP30AG024824 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Neil Alexander · 2004 to 2026
$29.2M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG024824NIA NIH HHS U01 AG029824NIA NIH HHS U19 AG062682
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe neurocognitive effect of statins in older adults remain uncertain.

objectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the associations of statin use with cognitive decline and incident dementia among older adults.

methodsThis analysis included 18,846 participants ≥65 years of age in a randomized trial of aspirin, who had no prior cardiovascular events, major physical disability, or dementia initially and were followed for 4.7 years. Outcome measures included incident dementia and its subclassifications (probable Alzheimer's disease, mixed presentations); mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subclassifications (MCI consistent with Alzheimer's disease, other MCI); and changes in domain-specific cognition, including global cognition, memory, language and executive function, psychomotor speed, and the composite of these domains. Associations of baseline statin use versus nonuse with dementia and MCI outcomes were examined using Cox proportional hazards models and with cognitive change using linear mixed-effects models, adjusting for potential confounders. The impact of statin lipophilicity on these associations was further examined, and effect modifiers were identified.

resultsStatin use versus nonuse was not associated with dementia, MCI, or their subclassifications or with changes in cognitive function scores over time (p > 0.05 for all). No differences were found in any outcomes between hydrophilic and lipophilic statin users. Baseline neurocognitive ability was an effect modifier for the associations of statins with dementia (p for interaction < 0.001) and memory change (p for interaction = 0.02).

conclusionsIn adults ≥65 years of age, statin therapy was not associated with incident dementia, MCI, or declines in individual cognition domains. These findings await confirmation from ongoing randomized trials.

Indexed as

AgedCognitionCognitive DysfunctionCohort StudiesDementiaFemaleHumansHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMaleHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorsagedcognitive functiondementiahydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitorsstatins

Identifiers

PMID34167639
PMCPMC13292795
OpenAlexW3157174016

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.