ArticleEnvironmental research2021
Association of green space with bone mineral density change and incident fracture in elderly Hong Kong Chinese: Mr. OS and Ms. OS study.
Article in Environmental research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Socioeconomic status influences the relationship between residential green space and the risk of osteoporosis among rural adults: a large-scale population-based study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Observational
- Air pollution, greenspace exposure and risk of Parkinson's disease: a prospective study of 441,462 participants.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Exposure to Residential Green Space and Bone Mineral Density in Young Children.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Exposure to Neighborhood Walkability and Residential Greenness and Incident Fracture.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Associations between Long-Term Air Pollution Exposure and Risk of Osteoporosis-Related Fracture in a Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Longitudinal association of built environment pattern with DXA-derived body fat in elderly Hong Kong Chinese: a latent profile analysis.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA large body of literature has reported positive effects of green space (GS) on various aspects of health and well-being, while no studies explore the role of GS in bone health.
objectivesThe present study aimed to investigate the associations of GS with bone mineral density (BMD) change and incident fracture in a prospective cohort of elderly Hong Kong Chinese.
methodsBetween 2001 and 2003, 3944 participants aged 65 years and older at baseline were recruited. GS (%) within 300-m and 500-m buffers were calculated for each participant based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. BMD at whole body, lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and 3 follow-ups. Incident fracture cases were ascertained from the electronic database of Hospital Authority of Hong Kong. Linear mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the associations of GS with changes in BMD and incident fracture, respectively.
resultsGreater GS within 300-m and 500-m buffers were associated with a slower increase in lumbar spine BMD over 14 years. After adjustment for potential confounders, β and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of change in BMD across Q2-Q4 (quartiles of GS measured in a 300-m, compared with Q1) were -6.42 (-12.3, -0.59), -7.78 (-13.6, -1.97), and -7.83 (-13.7, -2.00) mg/cm
conclusionsWe found that those who lived near higher GS levels had a slower increase in lumbar spine BMD and had higher incident fracture risk.
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