ArticleActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2021
Cognitive performance in older-age bipolar disorder: Investigating psychiatric characteristics, cardiovascular burden and psychotropic medication.
Article in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biofluid Biomarkers of Cognitive Functioning in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review by the Targeting Cognition and Older-Age Bipolar Disorder ISBD Task Forces.Bipolar disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Pharmacological maintenance treatment in older age bipolar disorder.Current opinion in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Association Between Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Cognitive Performances in Individuals With Bipolar Disorders: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses in the FACE-BD Cohort.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- The spectrum of bipolar disorder in older adults.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Association between choroid plexus volume and cognitive function in older-age bipolar disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- The role of predominant polarity in older age bipolar disorder.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2025Article
- Bipolar disorder.Lancet (London, England) · 2025Review
- Effects of proinflammatory cytokines and programmed cell death on cognitive domains in older age patients with bipolar disorder.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
- Cognitive performance in older-age bipolar disorder: Investigating psychiatric characteristics, cardiovascular burden and psychotropic medication.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThis study aimed to explore a large range of candidate determinants of cognitive performance in older-age bipolar disorder (OABD).
methodsA cross-sectional study was performed in 172 BD patients aged ≥50 years. Demographics, psychiatric characteristics and psychotropic medication use were collected using self-report questionnaires and structured interviews. The presence of cardiovascular risk factors was determined by combining information from structured interviews, physical examination and laboratory assessments. Cognitive performance was investigated by an extensive neuropsychological assessment of 13 tests, covering the domains of attention, learning/ memory, verbal fluency and executive functioning. The average of 13 neuropsychological test Z-scores resulted in a composite cognitive score. A linear multiple regression model was created using forward selection with the composite cognitive score as outcome variable. Domain cognitive scores were used as secondary outcome variables.
resultsThe final multivariable model (N = 125), which controlled for age and education level, included number of depressive episodes, number of (hypo)manic episodes, late onset, five or more psychiatric admissions, lifetime smoking, metabolic syndrome and current use of benzodiazepines. Together, these determinants explained 43.0% of the variance in composite cognitive score. Late onset and number of depressive episodes were significantly related to better cognitive performance whereas five or more psychiatric admissions and benzodiazepine use were significantly related to worse cognitive performance.
conclusionPsychiatric characteristics, cardiovascular risk and benzodiazepine use are related to cognitive performance in OABD. Cognitive variability in OABD thus seems multifactorial. Strategies aimed at improving cognition in BD should include cardiovascular risk management and minimizing benzodiazepine use.
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