Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34166493›Full record

ArticleThe Gerontologist2022

Use of Home Care Services Reduces Care-Related Strain in Long-Distance Caregivers.

Francesca B Falzarano, Verena Cimarolli, Kathrin Boerner, Karen L Siedlecki, Amy Horowitz

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Gerontologist, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Long-Distance Family Caregivers' Perceptions of Burden and Strain Scales Developed for Proximate Family Caregivers.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Urban Versus Rural Differences in Services Requested, Received, and Interest Expressed Among Informal Caregivers of Older U.S. Veterans.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Francesca B FalzaranoDivision of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1090-3337
Verena CimarolliLeadingAge LTSS Center @UMass Boston, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Kathrin BoernerDepartment of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, USA.
Karen L SiedleckiDepartment of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, New York, USA.
Amy HorowitzGraduate School of Social Service, Fordham University, New York, New York, USA.
Fordham University · USCornell University · USLeading Age · USUniversity of Massachusetts Boston · US

Funding

The Weill Cornell Medicine Research Training Program in Behavioral GeriatricsT32AG049666 · NIA · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI SARA J CZAJA, Manney Carrington Reid · 2016 to 2026
$3.2M
The Caregiver Resource Room: Enhancing Support for Caregivers of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD)R00AG073509 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI FALZARANO, FRANCESCA · 2023 to 2025
$724k
Long Distance Caregiving: Unique Challenges and Service NeedsR21AG050018 · NIA · FORDHAM UNIVERSITY · PI HOROWITZ, AMY · 2016 to 2017
$433k
The Caregiver Resource Room: Enhancing Support for Caregivers of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD)K99AG073509 · NIA · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI FALZARANO, FRANCESCA · 2021 to 2023
$292k
NIA NIH HHS K99 AG073509NIA NIH HHS R00 AG073509NIA NIH HHS R21 AG050018NIA NIH HHS T32 AG049666
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesPrior work examining the role of older adult home care service use in alleviating strain in family caregivers has resulted in contradictory findings. However, prior research has been entirely limited to caregivers who live within close geographical proximity to their care recipients. Long-distance caregivers are a unique caregiving subgroup that has remained understudied. Guided by the stress process model, this study examined if the association between primary caregiving stressors (the care recipient's functional and cognitive status) and secondary stressors (perceived role strains related to work and to other family responsibilities) in long-distance caregivers was mediated by the care recipient's utilization of home care services. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThe sample included 166 long-distance caregivers in the United States who provide and manage care to a community-dwelling care recipient living 2 or more hours away. Participants reported on their care recipient's cognitive and functional status, perceived interference of caregiving with work and other family responsibilities, and the care recipient's use of home care services.

resultsPath analyses show that home care use by the care recipient fully mediated the association between care recipients' functional impairment and caregiver strains (work and family). Furthermore, home care use partially mediated the effects of care recipients' cognitive impairment on caregiver strains. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: Results indicate that the care recipient's home care service utilization may serve as a protective factor against care-related strain in long-distance caregivers. These findings can be used to inform intervention efforts focused on a family-centered care approach that can be specifically tailored to long-distance caregivers.

Indexed as

CaregiversHome Care ServicesAgedHumansIndependent LivingUnited StatesCaregivingDistance caregiversFormal careGeographically distant caregiversLong-term services and supports

Identifiers

PMID34166493
PMCPMC8827323
OpenAlexW3175069595

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.