ArticlePLoS genetics2021
Antagonistic fungal enterotoxins intersect at multiple levels with host innate immune defences.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pre-cuticle DPY-6 acts as a blueprint for aECM periodic organization inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Pre-cuticle DPY-6 acts as a blueprint for aECM periodic organization in C. elegans.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- The Interaction Between the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Its Coexisting Fungal Microbiome Member Barnettozyma californica.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- A defining member of the new cysteine-cradle family is an aECM protein signalling skin damage in C. elegans.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- A defining member of the new cysteine-cradle family is an aECM protein signalling skin damage inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Alternative Non-Mammalian Animal and Cellular Methods for the Study of Host-Fungal Interactions.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Meisosomes, folded membrane microdomains between the apical extracellular matrix and epidermis.eLife · 2023Article
- C. elegans: out on an evolutionary limb.Immunogenetics · 2022Review
- The transcription factor ZIP-1 promotes resistance to intracellular infection in Caenorhabditis elegans.Nature communications · 2022Article
- ATFS-1 plays no repressive role in the regulation of epidermal immune response.microPublication biology · 2022Article
- Increased Pathogenicity of the Nematophagous FungusFrontiers in fungal biology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Animals and plants need to defend themselves from pathogen attack. Their defences drive innovation in virulence mechanisms, leading to never-ending cycles of co-evolution in both hosts and pathogens. A full understanding of host immunity therefore requires examination of pathogen virulence strategies. Here, we take advantage of the well-studied innate immune system of Caenorhabditis elegans to dissect the action of two virulence factors from its natural fungal pathogen Drechmeria coniospora. We show that these two enterotoxins have strikingly different effects when expressed individually in the nematode epidermis. One is able to interfere with diverse aspects of host cell biology, altering vesicle trafficking and preventing the key STAT-like transcription factor STA-2 from activating defensive antimicrobial peptide gene expression. The second increases STA-2 levels in the nucleus, modifies the nucleolus, and, potentially as a consequence of a host surveillance mechanism, causes increased defence gene expression. Our results highlight the remarkably complex and potentially antagonistic mechanisms that come into play in the interaction between co-evolved hosts and pathogens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.