ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2021
Improving Sampling Efficiency for Determining Pediatric HIV Prevalence in National Surveys: Evidence From 8 Sub-Saharan African Countries.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04117984 (Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey (SHIMS 2, 2016): a Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA)
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Excess mortality associated with HIV: Survey estimates from the PHIA project.Demographic research · 2024Article
- Population-Based HIV Impact Assessments Survey Methods, Response, and Quality in Zimbabwe, Malawi, and Zambia.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 12 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMeasurement of mother-to-child HIV transmission through population-based surveys requires large sample sizes because of low HIV prevalence among children. We estimate potential improvements in sampling efficiency resulting from a targeted sample design.
settingEight countries in sub-Saharan Africa with completed Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (PHIA) surveys as of 2017.
methodsThe PHIA surveys used a geographically stratified 2-stage sample design with households sampled from randomly selected census enumeration areas. Children (0-14 years of age) were eligible for HIV testing within a random subsample of households (usually 50%). Estimates of child HIV prevalence in each country were calculated using jackknife replicate weights. We compared sample sizes and precision achieved using this design with a 2-phase disproportionate sample design applied to strata defined by maternal HIV status and mortality.
resultsHIV prevalence among children ranged from 0.4% (95% confidence interval: 0.2 to 0.6) in Tanzania to 2.8% (95% confidence interval: 2.2 to 3.4) in Eswatini with achieved relative standard errors between 11% and 21%. The expected precision improved in the targeted design in all countries included in the analysis, with proportionate reductions in mean squared error ranging from 27% in Eswatini to 61% in Tanzania, assuming an equal sample size.
conclusionsPopulation-based surveys of adult HIV prevalence that also measure child HIV prevalence should consider targeted sampling of children to reduce required sample size, increase precision, and increase the number of positive children tested. The findings from the PHIA surveys can be used as baseline data for informing future sample designs.
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