ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2021
Pulmonary Edema in COVID-19 Patients: Mechanisms and Treatment Potential.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05304702 (Lung Injury), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Lung Injury (Pulmonary Edema) in COVID-19: Treatment With Furosemide and Negative Fluid Balance (NEGBAL): a Case-Control Study
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heart failure during the COVID-19 pandemic: clinical, diagnostic, management, and organizational dilemmas.ESC heart failure · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Comparison of the effect of intravenous dexamethasone and methylprednisolone on the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Trial
- Therapeutic Efficacy of Indole-3-Carbinol Against SARS-CoV-2-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Dual Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Approach in a Golden Syrian Hamster Model.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Digoxin attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice via NF-κB and HIF-1α inhibition.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Impairment by SARS-CoV-2 Proteins: A Nexus of Pathogenesis with Significant Biochemical and Clinical Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Lung Volume Change Assessment in Moderate and Severe COVID-19 Using CT Volumetry.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effects of a Three-Day vs. Six-Day Exposure to Normobaric Hypoxia on the Cardiopulmonary Function of Rats.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Risk-Benefit Profile of Corticosteroid Therapy for COVID-19 Patients: A Scoping Review.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Sex differences in airway disease: estrogen and airway surface liquid dynamics.Biology of sex differences · 2024Review
- Adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Enhancing photoacoustic imaging for lung diagnostics and BCI communication: simulation of cavity structures artifact generation and evaluation of noise reduction techniques.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Computational and Enzymatic Studies of Sartans in SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD-ACE2 Binding: The Role of Tetrazole and Perspectives as Antihypertensive and COVID-19 Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Roles of the ACE/Ang II/AT1R pathway, cytokine release, and alteration of tight junctions in COVID-19 pathogenesis.Tissue barriers · 2023Article
- Regulation of Epithelial Sodium Transport by SARS-CoV-2 Is Closely Related with Fibrinolytic System-Associated Proteins.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Lung Injury in COVID-19 Has Pulmonary Edema as an Important Component and Treatment with Furosemide and Negative Fluid Balance (NEGBAL) Decreases Mortality.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Protective effects ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Pathophysiological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cardiovascular system and its clinical manifestations-a mini review.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Review
- Two in one: Overlapping CT findings of COVID-19 and underlying lung diseases.Clinical imaging · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 mortality is primarily driven by abnormal alveolar fluid metabolism of the lung, leading to fluid accumulation in the alveolar airspace. This condition is generally referred to as pulmonary edema and is a direct consequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. There are multiple potential mechanisms leading to pulmonary edema in severe Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) patients and understanding of those mechanisms may enable proper management of this condition. Here, we provide a perspective on abnormal lung humoral metabolism of pulmonary edema in COVID-19 patients, review the mechanisms by which pulmonary edema may be induced in COVID-19 patients, and propose putative drug targets that may be of use in treating COVID-19. Among the currently pursued therapeutic strategies against COVID-19, little attention has been paid to abnormal lung humoral metabolism. Perplexingly, successful balance of lung humoral metabolism may lead to the reduction of the number of COVID-19 death limiting the possibility of healthcare services with insufficient capacity to provide ventilator-assisted respiration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.