ReviewEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2021
Nutrition and immunity: lessons for COVID-19.
Review in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the use of virtual reality for weight management: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- A narrative review of nutritional components, health effects, and disease prevention mechanisms of dairy products.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Diet Quality and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of blueberry consumption on regulatory lymphocyte phenotypes and NK cell functional activity in middle-aged and older adults with overweight or obesity: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
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- Trial
- Comparative Analysis of Selected Biochemical Markers Involved in Antioxidative, Immune Responses, and Thyroid Function in Wistar Rats Fed Diets Containing Baked Sprats.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Predictive Value of Nutritional Status in Sputum Culture Conversion Among Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Performance of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metagenomic Next‑generation Sequencing versus Conventional Microbiological Tests in Immunocompromised and Immunocompetent Patients with Pulmonary Infection.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- The Impact of Malnutrition on Perioperative Ischemic Stroke in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): A Retrospective Cohort Study of the National Inpatient Sample.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Evolutionary History With Chronic Malnutrition Enhances Pathogen Susceptibility at Older Ages.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- The association between nutrient patterns and hospital stay duration and symptoms in COVID-19 in Iranian patients: cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Associations between food consumption with T cell activation and antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.Gut microbes reports · 2025Article
- Determinants Associated with COVID-19 Vaccination among Korean Adults: Based on Andersen's Model.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The association between blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio and the 28 day mortality in tuberculosis patients complicated by sepsis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Influence of simultaneous comorbidities on COVID-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome mortality in people with diabetes.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2024Article
- Marine natural products and human immunity: novel biomedical resources for anti-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and related cardiovascular disease.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2024Review
- Subcutaneous adipose tissue measured by computed tomography could be an independent predictor for early outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of the immune system is to protect the individual against pathogenic organisms. Nutrition is one of multiple factors that determines the immune response and good nutrition is important in supporting the immune response. Immunity can be impaired in older people, particularly those who are frail, in those living with obesity, in those who are malnourished and in those with low intakes of micronutrients. The immune impairments associated with nutritional inadequacy increase susceptibility to infection and permit infections to become more severe, even fatal. The adverse impact of poor nutrition on the immune system, including its inflammatory component, may be one of the explanations for the higher risk of more severe outcomes from infection with SARS-CoV-2 seen in older people and in those living with obesity. Studies of individual micronutrients including vitamin D and zinc suggest roles in reducing severity of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Good nutrition is also important in promoting a diverse gut microbiota, which in turn supports the immune system. The importance of nutrition in supporting the immune response also applies to assuring robust responses to vaccination. There are many lessons from the study of nutrition and immunity that are relevant for the battle with SARS-CoV-2.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.