Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34162970›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Natural variants in SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein pinpoint structural and functional hotspots with implications for prophylaxis and therapeutic strategies.

Suman Pokhrel, Benjamin R Kraemer, Scott Burkholz, Daria Mochly-Rosen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Modular nanoarray vaccine for SARS-CoV-2.Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine · 2022
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Paired SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mutations observed during ongoing SARS-CoV-2 viral transfer from humans to minks and back to humans.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2021
    Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Suman PokhrelDepartment of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Benjamin R KraemerDepartment of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Scott BurkholzFlow Pharma, Inc., Pleasant Hill, CA, USA.
Daria Mochly-RosenDepartment of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. mochly@stanford.edu.
Stanford University · USFlow Pharma (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In December 2019, a novel coronavirus, termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified as the cause of pneumonia with severe respiratory distress and outbreaks in Wuhan, China. The rapid and global spread of SARS-CoV-2 resulted in the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Earlier during the pandemic, there were limited genetic viral variations. As millions of people became infected, multiple single amino acid substitutions emerged. Many of these substitutions have no consequences. However, some of the new variants show a greater infection rate, more severe disease, and reduced sensitivity to current prophylaxes and treatments. Of particular importance in SARS-CoV-2 transmission are mutations that occur in the Spike (S) protein, the protein on the viral outer envelope that binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor (hACE2). Here, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of 441,168 individual virus sequences isolated from humans throughout the world. From the individual sequences, we identified 3540 unique amino acid substitutions in the S protein. Analysis of these different variants in the S protein pinpointed important functional and structural sites in the protein. This information may guide the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics to help arrest the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationAmino Acid SubstitutionFurinGlycosylationHumansModels, MolecularPre-Exposure ProphylaxisSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusFurinSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34162970
PMCPMC8222349
OpenAlexW3176122691

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.