ArticleSubstance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy2021
Gender disparities in opioid treatment progress in methadone versus counseling.
Article in Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intimate partner violence as a predictor of substance use outcomes among women: A systematic review.Addictive behaviors · 2022Pooled it
- Addiction care outcomes between insured and state opioid response grant-funded patients in a Medicaid non-expansion state.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Factors affecting waiting times to enter opioid use disorder treatment in the United States with a particular focus on potential biological sex disparity.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Digitally delivered contingency management during methadone treatment for people with co-occurring cocaine and opioid use: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Equity of overdose education and naloxone distribution provided in the Kentucky HEALing Communities Study.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Tools to implement measurement-based care (MBC) in the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD): toward a consensus.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Article
- Buprenorphine use and setting type among reproductive-aged women self-reporting nonmedical prescription opioid use.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Racial, Ethnic, and Sex Differences in Methadone-Involved Overdose Deaths Before and After the US Federal Policy Change Expanding Take-home Methadone Doses.JAMA health forum · 2023Article
- Identifying gender differences in risk profiles and in opioid treatment outcomes in Los Angeles County.Evaluation and program planning · 2023Article
- Understanding the role of financial capacity in the delivery of opioid use disorder treatment.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Workforce Diversity and disparities in wait time and retention among opioid treatment programs.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2022Article
- Current and emerging pharmacotherapies for opioid dependence treatments in adults: a comprehensive update.Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy · 2022Review
- A bifurcated opioid treatment system and widening insidious disparities.Addictive behaviors · 2022Article
- Disparities in opioid treatment access and retention among women based on pregnancy status from 2006 to 2017.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2022Article
- Article
- A Feasibility Study of a Peer-Facilitated Physical Activity Intervention in Methadone Maintenance.Mental health and physical activity · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, the high dropout rate (75%) in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment among women and racial/ethnic minorities calls for understanding factors that contribute to making progress in treatment. Whereas counseling and medication for OUD (MOUD, e.g. methadone, buprenorphine, naltrexone) is considered the gold standard of care in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, many individuals with OUD receive either counseling or methadone-only services. This study evaluates gender disparities in treatment plan progress in methadone- compared to counseling-based programs in one of the largest SUD treatment systems in the United States.
methodsMulti-year and multi-level (treatment program and client-level) data were analyzed using the Integrated Substance Abuse Treatment to Eliminate Disparities (iSATed) dataset collected in Los Angeles County, California. The sample consisted of 4 waves: 2011 (66 SUD programs, 1035 clients), 2013 (77 SUD programs, 3686 clients), 2015 (75 SUD programs, 4626 clients), and 2017 (69 SUD programs, 4106 clients). We conducted two multi-level negative binomial regressions, one per each outcome (1) making progress towards completing treatment plan, and (2) completing treatment plan. We included outpatient clients discharged on each of the years of the study (over 95% of all clients) and accounted for demographics, wave, homelessness and prior treatment episodes, as well as clients clustered within programs.
resultsWe detected gender differences in two treatment outcomes (progress and completion) considering two outpatient program service types (MOUD-methadone vs. counseling). Clients who received methadone vs. counseling had lower odds of completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.366; 95% CI = 0.163, 0.821). Female clients receiving methadone had lower odds of both making progress (OR = 0.668; 95% CI = 0.481, 0.929) and completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.666; 95% CI = 0.485, 0.916) compared to male clients and receiving counseling. Latina clients had lower odds of completing their treatment plan (OR = 0.617; 95% CI = 0.408, 0.934) compared with non-Latina clients.
conclusionsClients receiving methadone, the most common and highly effective MOUD in reducing opioid use, were less likely to make progress towards or complete their treatment plan than those receiving counseling. Women, and in particular those identified as Latinas, were least likely to benefit from methadone-based programs. These findings have implications for health policy and program design that consider the need for comprehensive and culturally responsive services in methadone-based programs to improve outpatient treatment outcomes among women.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.