Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34161897›Full record

ArticleOral oncology2021

Prognostic impact of socioeconomic status compared to overall stage for HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Nicholas R Lenze, Douglas R Farquhar, Siddharth Sheth, Jose P Zevallos, Catherine Lumley, Jeffrey Blumberg, Samip Patel, Trevor Hackman, Mark C Weissler, Wendell G Yarbrough and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oral oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Bridging the Health Literacy Gap for Patients With Oral Cancer: Readability Enhancement With AI Chatbots.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Neighborhood-Level Social Vulnerability, Race and Ethnicity, and Stage at Diagnosis: A Population-Based Study of 12,957 Patients with Oral Cavity Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Detection of the high-risk factors for synchronous bone metastasis in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2023
    Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nicholas R LenzeDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. Electronic address: nlenzemed@gmail.com.
Douglas R FarquharDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Siddharth ShethDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States.
Jose P ZevallosDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Catherine LumleyDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Jeffrey BlumbergDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Samip PatelDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Trevor HackmanDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Mark C WeisslerDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Wendell G YarbroughDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Andrew F OlshanDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Adam M ZanationDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.

Funding

UNC-CH CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH &SUSCEPTIBILITYP30ES010126 · NIEHS · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI Stephanie Engel · 2001 to 2026
$36.3M
Gene Environment Interaction in Head and Neck CancerR01CA090731 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI OLSHAN, ANDREW · 2001 to 2005
$4.6M
Research Training in OtolaryngologyT32DC005360 · NIDCD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI MANIS, PAUL B · 2003 to 2023
$2.8M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA090731NIDCD NIH HHS T32 DC005360NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES010126
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo estimate the relative prognostic ability of socioeconomic status (SES) compared to overall stage for HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) MATERIALS AND

methodsData were obtained from the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Study (CHANCE). An empirical 4-category SES classification system was created. Cox proportional hazards models, survival gradients, Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and Harrell's C index were used to estimate the prognostic ability of SES compared to stage on overall survival (OS).

resultsThe sample consisted of 1229 patients with HPV-negative HNSCC. Patients with low SES had significantly increased risk of mortality at 5 years compared to patients with high SES (HR 3.11, 95% CI 2.07-4.67; p < 0.001), and the magnitude of effect was similar to overall stage (HR 3.01, 95% CI 2.35-3.86; p < 0.001 for stage IV versus I). Compared to overall stage, the SES classification system had a larger total survival gradient (35.8% vs. 29.1%), similar model fit (BIC statistic of 7412 and 7388, respectively), and similar model discriminatory ability (Harrell's C index of 0.61 and 0.64, respectively). The association between low SES and OS persisted after adjusting for age, sex, race, alcohol, smoking, overall stage, tumor site, and treatment in a multivariable model (HR 2.96, 95% CI 1.92-4.56; p < 0.001).

conclusionSES may have a similar prognostic ability to overall stage for patients with HPV-negative HNSCC. Future research is warranted to validate these findings and identify evidence-based interventions for addressing barriers to care for patients with HNSCC.

Indexed as

Head and Neck NeoplasmsSocial ClassSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckBayes TheoremHumansNeoplasm StagingPapillomavirus InfectionsPrognosisHead and neck neoplasmsNeoplasm stagingPrognosisSocioeconomic factorsSurvival

Identifiers

PMID34161897
PMCPMC8573717

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.