ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2022
Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Occult Hepatitis B Infection in The Gambia, West Africa.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiology of occult hepatitis B and C in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of infection and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) to evaluate liver fibrosis and cancer in HBV-infected patients in West Africa.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Pooled it
- Occult hepatitis B virus infection among hepatitis B surface antigen negative vaccinated healthcare workers in East Gojjam zone hospitals.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Genetic diversity and occult hepatitis B infection in Africa: A comprehensive review.World journal of hepatology · 2024Article
- Persistence and risk factors of occult hepatitis B virus infections among antiretroviral therapy-naïve people living with HIV in Botswana.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the Gambian population: A narrative review of recent developments.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevalence and clinical outcomes of occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) have been poorly studied in Africa.
methodsUsing the PROLIFICA cohort, we compared the prevalence of OBI between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative healthy adults screened from the general population (controls) and HBsAg-negative patients with advanced liver disease (cases), and estimated the population attributable fraction for the effect of OBI on advanced liver disease.
resultsOBI prevalence was significantly higher among cases (15/82, 18.3%) than controls (31/330, 9.4%, P = .03). After adjusting for age, sex, and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) serology, OBI was significantly associated with advanced liver disease (odds ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-6.0; P = .006). In HBsAg-negative people, the proportions of advanced liver disease cases attributable to OBI and HCV were estimated at 12.9% (95% CI, 7.5%-18.1%) and 16.9% (95% CI, 15.2%-18.6%), respectively.
conclusionsOBI is endemic and an independent risk factor for advanced liver disease in The Gambia, West Africa. This implies that HBsAg-negative people with liver disease should be systematically screened for OBI. Moreover, the impact of infant hepatitis B immunization to prevent end-stage liver disease might be higher than previous estimates based solely on HBsAg positivity.
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