ArticleJournal of Crohn's & colitis2021
ECCO Topical Review: Refractory Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Article in Journal of Crohn's & colitis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Second United Arab Emirates consensus guidance on the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Minimally Invasive Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Surgical Techniques.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2024Pooled it
- Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn's disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Long-Term Effectiveness and Persistence of Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease Patients: An Observational Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Practical guidelines on medical management of adults with moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2026Article
- [Single-center clinical study of upadacitinib in children with refractory inflammatory bowel disease].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2026Article
- The roles and heterogeneity of CD8International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Recombinant BMP9 Reinforces Gut Vascular Barrier in Experimental Colitis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Targeting IL-23p19 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Road Ahead.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Virome drift in ulcerative colitis patients: faecal microbiota transplantation results in minimal phage engraftment dominated by microviruses.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Synovial matrix turnover controls immune cell spatial patterning in inflammation resolution.Molecular systems biology · 2025Article
- Temporal trends in surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease following introduction of biological drugs in Norway and Sweden.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Understanding the therapeutic toolkit for inflammatory bowel disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Marked mucosal lipid shifts in treatment refractory inflammatory bowel disease: a lipidomic study.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Article
- Difficult-to-treat inflammatory bowel disease: Effectiveness and safety of 4th and 5th lines of treatment.United European gastroenterology journal · 2024Article
- Refractory Crohn's Disease: Perspectives, Unmet Needs and Innovations.Clinical and experimental gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Pharmacodynamic mechanisms behind a refractory state in inflammatory bowel disease.BMC gastroenterology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
- Expression of concern · 2022-01-24Civil Proceedings · Concerns/Issues about Data · Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions · Legal Reasons and/or Threats · · See also: https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab225 Journal was previously published by Elsevier until 2015.
- Commented on by
- Erratum issuedCorrection.2023
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic disease with variable degrees of extent, severity, and activity. A proportion of patients will have disease that is refractory to licensed therapies, resulting in significant impairment in quality of life. The treatment of these patients involves a systematic approach by the entire multidisciplinary team, with particular consideration given to medical options including unlicensed therapies, surgical interventions, and dietetic and psychological support. The purpose of this review is to guide clinicians through this process and provide an accurate summary of the available evidence for different strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34160593What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.