Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34160247›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2021

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for Contaminated Private Wells in the Fractured Dolomite Aquifer of Kewaunee County, Wisconsin.

Tucker R Burch, Joel P Stokdyk, Susan K Spencer, Burney A Kieke, Aaron D Firnstahl, Maureen A Muldoon, Mark A Borchardt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Producing ratio measures of effect with quantitative microbial risk assessment.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tucker R BurchEnvironmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research Unit, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA.
Joel P StokdykUpper Midwest Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA.
Susan K SpencerEnvironmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research Unit, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA.
Burney A KiekeCenter for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA.
Aaron D FirnstahlUpper Midwest Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA.
Maureen A MuldoonWisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, University of Wisconsin-Madison Division of Extension, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Mark A BorchardtEnvironmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research Unit, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Marshfield, Wisconsin, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrivate wells are an important source of drinking water in Kewaunee County, Wisconsin. Due to the region's fractured dolomite aquifer, these wells are vulnerable to contamination by human and zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogens originating from land-applied cattle manure and private septic systems.

objectiveWe determined the magnitude of the health burden associated with contamination of private wells in Kewaunee County by feces-borne gastrointestinal pathogens.

methodsThis study used data from a year-long countywide pathogen occurrence study as inputs into a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to predict the total cases of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) caused by private well contamination in the county. Microbial source tracking was used to associate predicted cases of illness with bovine, human, or unknown fecal sources.

resultsResults suggest that private well contamination could be responsible for as many as 301 AGI cases per year in Kewaunee County, and that 230 and 12 cases per year were associated with a bovine and human fecal source, respectively. Furthermore, DISCUSSION: This study has important implications for land use and water resource management in Kewaunee County and informs the public health impacts of consuming drinking water produced in other similarly vulnerable hydrogeological settings. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7815.

Indexed as

CryptosporidiosisCryptosporidiumGroundwaterAnimalsCalcium CarbonateCattleMagnesiumRisk AssessmentWater WellsWisconsinCalcium Carbonatecalcium magnesium carbonateMagnesium

Identifiers

PMID34160247
PMCPMC8221031

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.