ReviewJournal of general internal medicine2021
Integrating Harm Reduction into Outpatient Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Settings : Harm Reduction in Outpatient Addiction Treatment.
Review in Journal of general internal medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment Initiation, Substance Use Trajectories, and the Social Determinants of Health in Persons Living With HIV Seeking Medication for Opioid Use Disorder.Substance abuse · 2023Trial
- Comparison of persons who died of drug overdoses with and without evidence of hepatitis C, United States, 2019-2024.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Reshaping addiction harm reduction program in Iran: The Ministry of Health's journey from reactive measures to strategic optimization.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Perspectives on harm reduction kit implementation in heterogeneous outpatient clinics.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2026Article
- Perceptions of Buprenorphine With Naloxone Treatment and the Fear of Precipitated Withdrawal: A Qualitative Exploration With HIV Prevention Trials Network 094 INTEGRA Participants and Staff.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Cervical Cancer Screening With Human Papillomavirus Self-Collection Testing in an Opioid Treatment Program.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Game Changers in the Treatment of and Engagement With Persons Living With Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders: The Role of the Nurse.International journal of mental health nursing · 2026Review
- The measurement of harm reduction goals and outcomes for substance use: Current state and future directions.Journal of prevention and health promotion · 2026Article
- Perspectives on Harm Reduction Kit Implementation in Heterogeneous Outpatient Clinics.Research square · 2026Article
- Identifying Optimal Thresholds for Early Opioid Use Frequency in Predicting Buprenorphine Outcomes.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2026Article
- 'It wasn't to get high; it was just to get by': experiences of patients who use fentanyl during methadone treatment and opportunities for improving care in Vermont and New Hampshire.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Harm reduction engagement and ongoing opioid use among adults receiving methadone or buprenorphine in Philadelphia.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Morphine and nicotine intake in high drinking in the dark mice is reduced by informatics-nominated and translationally relevant compounds.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Anxiety, Depression, and Emotional Dysregulation Following Prenatal Substance Exposure.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Exploring the early impacts of drug decriminalization on harm reduction and opioid agonist treatment service operations and delivery in British Columbia: insights from key informant interviews.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Primary Care Patient and Clinician Perspectives on Safer Use Strategies for Opioids and/or Stimulants: A Mixed-Method Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Characteristics associated with forced treatment discontinuation among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Reimagining subjectivities in place: Necropolitical logics of safer supply and housing in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Perspectives of syringe services program operators in Michigan on their relationship with substance use treatment: a qualitative study.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- "It's Not Just One Decision, It's a Whole Lifestyle Change": Mixed Methods Analysis of Factors Associated with Readiness to Change Substance Use Patterns Among Community Recruited People Who Inject Drugs.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is increasingly recognized as a chronic, relapsing brain disease whose treatment should be integrated into primary care settings alongside other chronic conditions. However, abstinence from all non-prescribed substance use continues to be prioritized as the only desired goal in many outpatient, primary care-based treatment programs. This presents a barrier to engagement for patients who continue to use substances and who may be at high risk for complications of ongoing substance use such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), superficial and deep tissue infections, and overdose. Harm reduction aims to reduce the negative consequences of substance use and offers an alternative to abstinence as a singular goal. Incorporating harm reduction principles into primary care treatment settings can support programs in engaging patients with ongoing substance use and facilitate the delivery of evidence-based screening and prevention services. The objective of this narrative review is to describe strategies for the integration of evidence-based harm reduction principles and interventions into outpatient, primary care-based OUD treatment settings. We will offer specific tools for providers and programs including strategies to support safer injection practices, assess the risks and benefits of continuing medications for opioid use disorder in the setting of ongoing substance use, promote a non-stigmatizing program culture, and address the needs of special populations with ongoing substance use including adolescents, parents, and families.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.