ArticleiScience2021
Expanded human NK cells armed with CAR uncouple potent anti-tumor activity from off-tumor toxicity against solid tumors.
Article in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- CAR-engineering of innate and innate-like immune cells: a new horizon in adoptive cell therapy for solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Review
- Breast cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms of immune evasion, biomarkers, and emerging therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Article
- A framework integrating multiscale in silico modeling and experimental data predicts CAR-NK cell cytotoxicity across target cell types.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Innate immune cells in chimeric antigen receptor therapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Review
- A new era in CAR-NK cell therapy: from technological innovations to clinical applications.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Review
- Multivalent aptamer engineered and functionalized NK cells for enhanced adoptive immunotherapy in CD30-positive malignant lymphoma.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2025Article
- IL-21-reprogrammed Vδ1 T cells exert killing against solid tumors which is enhanced by CAR arming for off-the-shelf immunotherapy.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing Breast Cancer Therapeutics: Intersecting Frontiers of Precision Medicine, Nanotechnology, and Drug Delivery Innovations.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Anti-Her2 CAR-NK92 Cells and Their Exosomes: Generation, Characterization, and Selective Cytotoxicity Against Her2-Positive Tumor Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Rendering NK Cells Antigen-Specific for the Therapy of Solid Tumours.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Chimeric antigen receptor NK-92 cell function is modulated by HLA class I expression of target cells.iScience · 2025Article
- In vivo AAV-SB-CRISPR screens of tumor-infiltrating primary NK cells identify genetic checkpoints of CAR-NK therapy.Nature biotechnology · 2025Article
- CAR-engineered NK cells versus CAR T cells in treatment of glioblastoma; strength and flaws.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- Current status and innovative developments of CAR-T-cell therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Does a natural killer need a CAR?Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Multiomics in silico analysis identifies TM4SF4 as a cell surface target in hepatocellular carcinoma.PloS one · 2025Article
- Enhancement of anti-sarcoma immunity by NK cells engineered with mRNA for expression of a EphA2-targeted CAR.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities and Immunotherapeutic Advances in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancers · 2024Review
- CAR T cells outperform CAR NK cells in CAR-mediated effector functions in head-to-head comparison.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the remarkable success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells against hematologic malignancies, severe off-tumor effects have constrained their use against solid tumors. Recently, CAR-engineered natural killer (NK) cells have emerged as an effective and safe alternative. Here, we demonstrate that HER2 CAR-expression in NK cells from healthy donors and patients with breast cancer potently enhances their anti-tumor functions against various HER2-expressing cancer cells, regardless of MHC class I expression. Moreover, HER2 CAR-NK cells exert higher cytotoxicity than donor-matched HER2 CAR-T cells against tumor targets. Importantly, unlike CAR-T cells, HER2 CAR-NK cells do not elicit enhanced cytotoxicity or inflammatory cytokine production against non-malignant human lung epithelial cells with basal HER2 expression. Further, HER2 CAR-NK cells maintain high cytotoxic function in the presence of immunosuppressive factors enriched in solid tumors. These results show that CAR-NK cells may be a highly potent and safe source of immunotherapy in the context of solid tumors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.